February 4th is the 17th World Cancer Day, and this year’s theme is "WE CAN, I CAN". The member of the Standing Committee of Cancer Radiotherapy Committee of China Anti-Cancer Association and the president of Cancer Hospital said: At present, 70% of cancer patients in our city are in the middle and late stage when they are diagnosed, so it may be a better choice for them to eliminate the fear of cancer and realize coexistence with cancer.

　　70% of cancer patients need to live with tumors.

　　Mr. Luo, who lives in Yubei District, is 55 years old. He is used to working from nine to five every day. If no one tells him, no one will think that he is actually a cancer patient. Five years ago, he suddenly felt that he was always urinating, but he couldn’t urinate. At first, he thought he was getting angry. But a pile of heat-clearing drugs didn’t improve after eating, and the more urgent the urine, the less smooth it was, and sometimes it was accompanied by pain. At this time, he thought about going to the hospital for examination.

　　I didn’t want to be diagnosed with prostate cancer and have bone metastasis. I have lost the best opportunity for surgery and can only use antiandrogen drugs to control my condition. In the face of cancer, he did not intend to give up, but actively cooperated with the treatment. After one year, his condition gradually stabilized, and Mr. Luo began to plan to go to work in the unit.

　　Professor Dean of the Municipal Cancer Hospital said that according to the "2015 China Cancer Statistics" issued by the National Cancer Center, there were 4.3 million new cancer cases in China in 2015, and the number of cancer deaths exceeded 2.8 million; In Chongqing, there were about 80,000 new tumors and more than 50,000 cancer deaths in 2014. Because the incidence of tumor is relatively concealed, more than 70% of cancers are found in the middle and late stages, and the best opportunity for surgical treatment is lost. For them, survival with tumor may be a better choice.

　　Unfortunately, in real life, there are not many patients who can scientifically understand the survival with tumors like Mr. Luo. As soon as many patients heard that they could not operate, their spirits suddenly collapsed and they thought they were hopeless. In fact, surgical treatment is not the only treatment for all tumors; Even if we miss the best opportunity for surgical treatment, it doesn’t mean that there is no cure. At present, tumor treatment advocates comprehensive treatment, which includes surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, endocrine therapy, traditional Chinese medicine treatment and other ways. Experienced specialists will choose the appropriate treatment according to the results of tumor pathological examination, course of disease and development trend.

　　"It is very important for cancer patients and their families to accept" survival with tumor ",which is a more pragmatic method for treating advanced cancer." Dean said that cancer is essentially a genetic disease, and all cancers come from genetic mutation, which is caused by genetic mutation and epigenetic regulation. At present, human beings can’t use drugs to reverse this genetic mutation and "kill all cancer cells" in the body.

　　It is also a pragmatic choice for patients in the middle and late stage to realize long-term "survival with tumor" and "peaceful coexistence" with tumor. Everyone should treat it as a medical disease with disease, and treat tumor as a chronic disease such as hypertension, diabetes and coronary heart disease, which is more conducive to treatment.

　　The misunderstanding of survival with tumor needs to be vigilant

　　There may be many people who don’t understand that living with a tumor is not cured. There is a tumor in the body, and the condition may deteriorate at any time. Can this be safe? Dean Wu Yongzhong said that in fact, survival with tumor is not to let it go, but to choose a suitable treatment model, which is also the core of "individual medicine" developed from "evidence-based medicine" in recent years. First of all, we should recognize the fact that the dream of conquering tumor has not been realized.

　　WHO has regarded tumor as a chronic disease, because its condition has a process of development, which can not be cured and exists for life, just like diabetes, hypertension and coronary heart disease. Secondly, sometimes over-active treatment is also a kind of injury. In clinic, some elderly cancer patients are often encountered. When children hear that they can have surgery and treat at all costs, they have not achieved good results. This is because the elderly, especially those over 80 years old, have degraded their physical functions and cannot tolerate surgery and chemotherapy at all.

　　At this time, you don’t have to think about eliminating the tumor at all. You can choose radiotherapy alone or other treatments, so as to survive with cancer. Advocating survival with tumor again also means waiting for treatment conservatively. If it can be cured by surgical resection, radiotherapy and other treatment methods, tumor patients should still be encouraged to actively treat.

　　Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) mostly occurs in people over the age of 50, and it is one of the main blinding diseases of the elderly in the world. According to statistics in 2010, there are more than 23 million AMD patients worldwide. The patient’s chief complaint is decreased vision, which is characterized by the absence of central visual field (see schematic diagram).

　　Normal visual field (left), central visual field damage caused by AMD (right)

　　Age-related macular degeneration can be divided into Dry AMD and Wet AMD. Dry amd is characterized by no vascular proliferation, while wet amd is characterized by obvious vascular proliferation in macular area. There is almost no treatment for dry age-related macular degeneration, while wet age-related macular degeneration is mainly aimed at vascular proliferation. For vascular proliferation, Genentech’s Ranibizumab (trade name: Lucentis) is a fragment antibody against VEGFA, and it costs two thousand dollars for a shot. However, many places bypass Ranibizumab and choose Avastin (Avastin), which is also anti-VEGF, for only fifty dollars. It can be seen that there are policies and countermeasures, which are available to people at all times and all over the world, but the interests are accelerating. In addition, laser therapy is also aimed at vascular proliferation. Although there is symptomatic treatment for vascular hyperplasia, it is also a temporary solution, because macular degeneration itself has not improved.

　　A core problem of macular degeneration is degeneration of retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE). These cells are close to the interlayer between Choroid and optic nerve cells in retina, and are responsible for bringing blood nutrition to optic nerve cells. If this layer of cells degenerates, the optic nerve cells will not get nutrition, so the vision will decrease. There’s an old saying in China, what can I do without fur? Is the image explanation of this disease.

　　A remarkable pathological feature of macular degeneration is yellow sediment distributed on the retina, which is a mixture of protein and lipid, but its source is unknown, and it may be an inflammatory product, and its pathological function is to destroy retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE). See the figure below.

　　Since it is a degenerative disease, the research and development of drugs lacks molecular targets, which are a bit like Alzheimer’s disease and neurodegeneration, and there are not many effective targets. In contrast, the stem cell technology that surfaced in the past ten years is an ideal choice. Stem cells are induced to differentiate into retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE), which provides a feasible and effective method for the treatment of macular degeneration.

　　Can normal retina replace diseased retina? A few decades ago, someone replaced the diseased retina with the baby’s retina (of course, the source was the baby who died in a car accident under two years old), and the success rate was very low, because the source of newborn retina was difficult, the protection was difficult, and the operation was difficult, which were all restrictive factors. However, some people have gained some vision (such as light perception and figure) through retinal replacement. This scheme can at least prove that infant retinal replacement is a direction that can be improved. However, it is not successful to replace the bad eye retina with the good eye retina of the same adult, which shows that the physiological age of retina is an important reason. Nowadays, retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE) can be produced from stem cells, whether from embryonic sources (hESC) or from self-induced sources (iPSC), and they can be made into Sheet, which is beneficial to surgical implantation. Of course, there are many technical problems, mainly the problem of eye surgery and the problem of ensuring the survival of cells after implantation. A positive factor is that the eye is an immune escape, so don’t use immunosuppressants, immune rejection should be small, which is conducive to survival.

　　Regenerative medicine is a new field, and big pharmaceutical companies are unwilling to take this risk. Seven years ago, the author worked in the world’s largest ophthalmic pharmaceutical company (Allergan) and once recommended this project, but the decision makers are interested in Miu Miu. At present, several small companies have pushed the application of regenerative medicine in senile macular degeneration into the clinical stage. Although I dare not predict when it will be approved by the FDA, it is still expected as a promising direction. After all, there is no other way at present. Although the experiment of regenerative medicine is still in the "primary stage of socialism", the AMD market is very large, and there are still some large and medium-sized pharmaceutical companies to follow up. Not long ago, Astra, the second largest pharmaceutical company in Japan, bought Ocata Therapeutics LLC to jointly develop this method for treating AMD, which mainly focuses on hESC inducing retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE).

　　Regenerative medicine is not only dedicated to age-related degenerative macular degeneration (AMD), but also can be used to treat another cause of blindness, Retinal pigmentosa. It also damages retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE), but retinal pigment degeneration damages peripheral visual field, and other eye diseases such as glaucoma and corneal burn. In order to give you a big picture of regenerative medicine in treating ophthalmic diseases, the author summarizes the general situation of some companies entering clinical trials at present. I sincerely hope that these companies can succeed in regenerative medicine and bring good news to patients with ophthalmic diseases.

　　Table 1. Summary of Clinical Trials of Regenerative Medicine in Treating Ophthalmic Diseases

In 2024, AITO will launch a brand-new model, the M8, with its positioning between M7 and M9, and its estimated price is about 350,000 yuan.

Taking the asking M9 as a reference, it is expected that the asking M8 will also be equipped with technologies such as Huawei Turing intelligent chassis, megapixel intelligent projection headlights, integrated triple screen, 75-inch AR-HUD and 800v fast charging, and provide two power versions of extended range and pure electricity.

In terms of price, at present, the starting price of Wenjie M7 is 249,800 yuan, and the starting price of Wenjie M9 is 469,800 yuan. It is estimated that the starting price of Wenjie M8 will be somewhere in between, with a high probability of about 350,000 yuan, and it will mainly compete with the ideal L8 after listing in the future.

In terms of intelligent driving, Wenjie M8 is expected to be equipped with HUAWEI ADS 2.0 intelligent driving system like M9, including 1 192-line laser radar, 3 millimeter-wave radars, 12 ultrasonic radars and 11 high-definition cameras. With the integration of sensing BEV, it can identify all kinds of abnormal obstacles and realize the functions of high speed+urban pilot-assisted driving and parking service. In terms of intelligent cockpit, HarmonyOS 4.0 system will also be installed.

In terms of chassis, Wenjie M8 will also adopt Huawei Turing intelligent chassis, including all-aluminum alloy material, air suspension, CDC variable damping shock absorber and other configurations.

With the launch of the M8, it will form a more comprehensive competitive relationship with L series models. At the same time, we will join hands to seize the market of traditional luxury brand BBA.

At the press conference of the State Administration of Taxation

Rong Hai building:Good morning, media reporters and friends! I am Rong Hailou, director of the Tax Publicity Center of the State Administration of Taxation, deputy director of the general office and spokesperson. Today, we invited Mr. Cai Zili, Director of the Revenue Planning and Accounting Department of the State Administration of Taxation, to attend the conference, introduce relevant information and answer your questions. We noticed that the major media were interpreting the economic and social development of China in 2020 and the 13th Five-Year Plan period through figures at the beginning of the year. In order to help you better understand China’s tax economy in 2020, we have specially combed 10 groups of data from the tax big data. Let’s invite Director Cai to give a detailed introduction.

Cai Zili, Director of Revenue Planning and Accounting Department of State Administration of Taxation

Cai Zili:Good morning, journalists and friends! In the past 2020, it was an extraordinary year. Facing the complicated and severe domestic and international situation and the severe impact of the COVID-19 epidemic, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, China coordinated the prevention and control of the epidemic and economic and social development, and handed over an answer that was satisfactory to the people, attracted worldwide attention and could go down in history. Taxation is often called the "barometer" of the economy. We fully tap the advantages of tax big data and systematically sort out ten sets of data to help you better understand the tax economy of China in 2020.

The first set of data: the annual tax revenue decreased by 2.6%, and the tax revenue target arranged in the fiscal budget was successfully completed.In 2020, the tax revenue (excluding export tax rebate) organized by the national tax authorities reached 13,678 billion yuan, down 2.6% year-on-year, and the tax revenue target arranged in the fiscal budget was successfully completed. From the trend of the whole year,The growth rate of tax revenue has rebounded for nine consecutive months since "bottoming out" in March.It reflects the good momentum of China’s economic recovery, but due to the epidemic situation and the implementation of tax reduction and fee reduction, the annual tax revenue decreased by 2.6%. During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the national tax revenue reached 65.7 trillion yuan, an increase of 18.5 trillion yuan over the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, which provided a solid financial guarantee for economic and social development.

The second set of data: the proportion of tax revenue organized by tax authorities in fiscal revenue was 75.5%, an increase of 1.7 percentage points over 2019.In 2020, the tax revenue organized by the tax authorities will account for 75.5% of the general public budget revenue, an increase of 1.7 percentage points over 2019. Compared with 2015 at the end of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan, the proportion of tax revenue in fiscal revenue increased by 2.9 percentage points in 2020, which shows that the function of tax revenue in gathering wealth for the country continued to increase during the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan period.

The third set of data: the social security fee income collected by the tax authorities in the whole year was 3.8 trillion yuan, which provided a guarantee for the development of people’s livelihood.In 2020, the tax authorities will conscientiously implement the phased policy of reducing and exempting enterprise social insurance premiums and effectively reduce the burden on enterprises. Since November 2020, all social insurance premiums have been collected by the tax authorities. While maintaining the stability of the collection method, the tax authorities at all levels have continuously optimized the payment service, providing the majority of payers with various payment channels such as "online, handheld and self-help" to facilitate the payers to declare their payment. In 2020, the national tax authorities organized social insurance premium income of 3.8 trillion yuan.

The fourth set of data: the annual new tax reduction and fee reduction is expected to exceed 2.5 trillion yuan, successfully fulfilling the target of reducing the burden for enterprises as determined in the government work report.In 2020, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council will continue to increase tax reduction and fee reduction, and the tax authorities will implement it to the letter. In the first 11 months, the accumulated tax reduction and fee reduction will be 2,367.3 billion yuan, and it is expected to exceed 2.5 trillion yuan for the whole year, which can successfully complete the annual target of reducing the burden on enterprises as set in the 2020 government work report. During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the national new tax reduction and fee reduction is expected to exceed 7.6 trillion yuan. A series of practical tax reduction and fee reduction policies have effectively reduced the tax burden of enterprises, enhanced their sense of acquisition and stimulated the vitality of market players.

The fifth set of data: the proportion of tax revenue to GDP decreased by about 0.82 percentage points, and the tax burden of enterprises was further reduced.In 2020, with the implementation of tax reduction policies to support epidemic prevention and control and economic and social development, the proportion of tax revenue in China’s general public budget revenue is expected to drop to about 15.2%, which is about 0.82 percentage points lower than that in 2019.

The sixth set of data: the sales revenue of enterprises nationwide increased by 6%, and the production and operation of enterprises improved step by step.According to the VAT invoice data, in 2020, the sales revenue of national enterprises increased by 6% year-on-year. On a quarterly basis, it rebounded quarter by quarter, with a year-on-year decline of 17.6% in the first quarter, a 9% increase from negative to positive in the second quarter, a 12.4% increase in the third quarter and a further 15.7% increase in the fourth quarter. 29 of the 31 provinces achieved positive growth in sales revenue. The production and operation of enterprises are improving steadily. China is the first major economy in the world to control the epidemic, take the lead in resuming production and achieve positive economic growth. It is expected to become the only major economy in the world to achieve positive economic growth.

The seventh set of data: the sales revenue of high-tech industries increased by 14.7%, and the development potential of new kinetic energy was accelerated.In 2020, the national high-tech industry maintained a rapid growth trend, with sales revenue increasing by 14.7% year-on-year, which was 8.7 percentage points faster than the national average. Among them, the high-tech service industry represented by information services and e-commerce has increased by more than 20% year-on-year for nine consecutive months since April, with a cumulative increase of 23.6% for the whole year, indicating that the development potential of new kinetic energy has been accelerated and the new economy has continued to grow sturdily.

The eighth set of data: the R&D expenditure of key tax source enterprises increased by 13.1%, and the innovation and development situation continued to improve.In 2020, benefiting from preferential tax policies such as R&D expenses plus deduction, the R&D expenditure of key tax source enterprises in China is expected to increase by 13.1% year-on-year, of which the manufacturing industry will increase by 9.6% and the software and information technology service industry will increase by 25.3%, all of which maintain a good momentum of innovation and development. The amount of high-tech equipment and high-tech services purchased by 330,000 enterprises enjoying the policy of R&D expenses plus deduction increased by 15.8% year-on-year. During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the R&D expenditure of key tax source enterprises maintained a rapid growth rate of more than double digits, which added a strong stamina for the high-quality development of China’s economy.

The ninth set of data: 11.44 million tax-related market entities were newly established in the whole year, which was higher than the previous two years, and the market vitality was steadily enhanced.In 2020, the number of newly established tax-related market entities in the country reached 11.44 million, an increase of 10.1% over 2019, indicating that the state’s policies and measures to support market entities to solve problems and develop healthily have been effective and the market vitality has recovered rapidly. During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the total number of tax-related market entities newly established in China reached 57.45 million, of which the number of new offices in 2020 was significantly higher than that in 2018 and 2019.

The tenth set of data: the export tax rebate was 1,454.9 billion yuan in the whole year, which strongly supported the steady foreign trade.In 2020, the tax authorities implemented convenient measures such as paperless, "non-contact" and "tolerance handling" to speed up the progress of export tax rebate. The average time for processing normal tax rebate business was 20% faster than that in 2019, and the export tax rebate was 1,454.9 billion yuan in the whole year, which effectively eased the financial pressure on enterprises and played an important supporting role for the stable recovery of foreign trade. During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the country handled a total of 7,073.6 billion yuan of export tax rebates, an increase of 1,645.3 billion yuan over the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, which effectively promoted the steady growth of foreign trade exports.

Around the above ten groups of data, we specially made vivid charts and sent them to you after the meeting, so that you can better understand and report.

Rong Hai Building: OK, thank you for your introduction. Let’s enter the question session.

The reporter from the Central Taiwan Broadcasting Station asked questions.

1. Reporter Yang Guang: Hello, Director Rong. Just now, Director Cai released ten sets of tax data, which gave a panoramic display of the tax economy operation last year and during the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan period. Could you please briefly introduce the tax department’s deepening of the application of tax big data?

Rong Hailou, Director of the Tax Publicity Center of the State Administration of Taxation, Deputy Director of the General Office and Spokesman

Rong Hai building:Thank you for your question. Tax big data has the advantages of strong timeliness, wide coverage and fine granularity, which records the production and operation status of market players and can reflect the economic operation more quickly, comprehensively, accurately and objectively. In recent years, the tax authorities have conscientiously implemented the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on using big data to improve the modernization level of national governance, and carried out in-depth construction and application of tax big data. Especially in 2020, in the face of the sudden COVID-19 epidemic, the Party Committee of the State Administration of Taxation put forward the requirement of "data service should be strengthened", gave full play to the advantages of tax big data, fully supported the overall prevention and control of epidemic situation and economic and social development, and made beneficial explorations in helping market players to solve problems, implementing tax reduction and fee reduction policies, and serving macroeconomic decision-making.

First, play the role of data bridge to support enterprises to resume work and production.Using the advantage of connecting the upstream and downstream of the industrial chain with VAT invoice data, we can accurately locate key enterprises and their main business related parties that are affected by the epidemic situation, promote the docking of supply and demand sides according to the principle of marketization, smooth the supply chain cycle of the industrial chain, carry out targeted assistance and support the development of enterprises.

The second is to accurately locate demand and promote tax reduction and fee reduction.Relying on tax big data, we will accurately screen eligible taxpayers, take the initiative to publicize and coach, and track and monitor in real time to ensure that policy dividends reach market players with the fastest speed and the most accurate accuracy. Just now, Secretary Cai introduced that the new tax reduction and fee reduction last year is expected to exceed 2.5 trillion yuan, and big data has played an important role in it.

The third is to objectively reflect the economic operation and make service decisions.Tax big data can not only timely monitor the process of resuming work and production, but also objectively reflect the macroeconomic operation and assist economic decision-making.

Tax big data has great potential. In the next step, the tax authorities will continue to deepen data sharing, improve data algorithms, and give full play to the advantages of tax big data, focusing on accurately grasping the new development stage, thoroughly implementing the new development concept, accelerating the construction of a new development pattern, selecting and analyzing topics, digging deep into the economic laws and characteristics reflected by the data, and continuously creating authoritative and reliable tax economic analysis products to better support the development of market players and better serve macroeconomic decision-making.

People’s Daily reporter asked questions.

2. People’s Daily reporter: Just now, Secretary Cai introduced that in order to support epidemic prevention and control and economic and social development, in 2020, China expects to increase taxes and reduce fees by more than 2.5 trillion yuan. Could you please ask Director Cai to introduce the implementation effect of tax reduction and fee reduction in 2020?

Cai Zili:In 2020, the tax authorities resolutely implemented the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, and adopted a series of practical and effective measures to ensure that the "real money" of tax reduction and fee reduction accurately reached market players. It is estimated that the annual tax reduction and fee reduction will exceed 2.5 trillion yuan, successfully fulfilling the annual burden reduction target set in the 2020 government work report, and exceeding the scale of larger tax reduction and fee reduction in 2019. The main achievements are as follows:

First, the tax burden of Chinese enterprises continues to decline.Since the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan", with the implementation of a series of large-scale tax reduction and fee reduction policies and measures, from 2016 to 2019, the proportion of tax revenue in China’s general public budget revenue to GDP was 17.47%, 17.35%, 17.01% and 16.02% respectively, and it is expected to further drop to about 15.2% in 2020, which is about 0.2% lower than that in 2019. Accordingly, the tax burden of Chinese enterprises has been reduced year by year. The tax burden rate of sales revenue of 100,000 key tax source enterprises monitored by the State Administration of Taxation (that is, the proportion of tax and social security fees paid by enterprises in sales revenue) is expected to decrease by 8% year-on-year in 2020, and it has decreased by 18.1% since the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan.

Second, the real economy and the private economy benefit the most.In 2020, tax reduction and fee reduction will focus on helping market players to solve problems and promote economic recovery growth. Among them, the new tax reduction and fee reduction in manufacturing and related links is expected to account for about 35%, which is the industry that benefits the most; The new tax reduction and fee reduction in the private economy is expected to account for about 70%, with the most obvious benefits. Thanks to the tax reduction and fee reduction policy, in 2020, the tax burden rate of sales revenue of key tax source manufacturing and private enterprises in 2020 decreased by 8.8% and 9.5% respectively.

Third, the development confidence and entrepreneurial vitality of market players have been significantly enhanced.According to the questionnaire on the prosperity of key tax source enterprises, 90.6% of key tax source enterprises expect the production and operation situation to be "improved" or "stable" in the first quarter of 2021, which is 1.2 percentage points higher than that in the fourth quarter of 2020, and has maintained a rising trend for three consecutive quarters.

The confidence of market participants continued to increase, and the vitality of innovation and entrepreneurship recovered rapidly. The number of new market participants who went to the tax authorities to handle tax-related matters has achieved positive growth year-on-year since May. The growth rates in the first three quarters and the whole year were 5.9% and 10.1% respectively, showing a trend of rising quarter by quarter; At the same time, market players have accelerated their growth. At the end of 2020, there were 11.193 million national general VAT taxpayers with annual sales income above 5 million, an increase of 10.2% compared with the end of 2019 and an increase of 86.2% compared with taxpayers of the same scale at the end of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan. thank you

National business daily reporter asked questions.

3. Reporter national business daily: In 2020, the tax authorities will use big tax data such as VAT invoices to continuously track and reflect the sales of enterprises and the national economic operation. I would like to ask, from the perspective of tax big data, what is the overall situation of economic development in 2020?

Cai Zili:Thank you for your question. In 2020, with the implementation of the policy of coordinating epidemic prevention and control and economic and social development, the national economic operation will recover steadily. According to the data of VAT invoice, in 2020, the sales revenue of national enterprises increased by 6% year-on-year, 4.2 percentage points higher than that of the previous three quarters. Among them, the growth rate in the fourth quarter was 15.7%, 3.3 percentage points higher than that in the third quarter, reflecting the rapid release of the vitality and development potential of China’s economic market. Mainly presents the following six characteristics:

First, the sales of industrial enterprises rose steadily, and the supporting role of equipment manufacturing industry was enhanced.Industry is an important foundation of the national economy and the main battlefield for deepening the structural reform of the supply side. In 2020, the sales revenue of industrial enterprises increased by 2.7% year-on-year, and continued to rise steadily after the cumulative growth rate turned positive in October. In the fourth quarter, it increased by 11.1%, 1.9 percentage points higher than that in the third quarter. Of the 41 major categories of industry, 26 achieved positive growth. The manufacturing industry recovered rapidly, with the annual sales revenue increasing by 3.2% year-on-year, especially the supporting role of equipment manufacturing industry continued to increase, increasing by 7.1% year-on-year.

Second, commodity consumption recovered quickly and online consumption maintained rapid growth.Consumption is the main focus of expanding domestic demand and plays a fundamental role in economic development. In 2020, the sales revenue of the wholesale and retail industry increased by 5% year-on-year, including 15.4% in the fourth quarter, 4.1 percentage points higher than that in the third quarter. The epidemic situation changed the consumption pattern of residents, the "non-contact" consumption developed rapidly, the integration of online and offline platforms accelerated, and the Internet retail and take-away food delivery services increased by 29.2% and 31.6% respectively.

Third, investment-related industries grew rapidly, and the development of new infrastructure accelerated.Investment plays a key role in optimizing the supply structure. In 2020, the sales revenue of civil engineering construction related to infrastructure investment increased by 19.7% year-on-year. In particular, investment in new infrastructure areas such as 5G base stations, UHV, urban rail transit and environmental protection grew rapidly, driving the sales revenue of communication and power transmission facilities projects, urban rail transit projects and energy-saving projects to increase by 10%, 13.4% and 20.8% respectively.

Fourth, the transportation and logistics industry has recovered steadily, and road freight transportation has grown rapidly.Transportation and logistics industry is an important support to smooth the domestic circulation. In 2020, the sales revenue of transportation and logistics industry increased by 9.6% year-on-year, which was 3.6 percentage points higher than the national overall level, including 22.8% in the fourth quarter and 10.3 percentage points higher than that in the third quarter. In particular, the sales revenue of road freight transportation, warehousing and postal logistics increased by 9.9%, 16.5% and 23.1% respectively.

Fifth, the energy structure was gradually optimized, and the development of environmental protection-related industries was accelerated.In 2020, the sales revenue of new energy power generation industries such as hydropower, nuclear power and wind power accounted for 37.9% of the total power generation industry, an increase of 3 percentage points over 2019. Among them, the sales revenue of solar power generation and wind power generation increased by 16.5% and 14.1% respectively. The sales revenue of comprehensive utilization of resources, ecological protection and environmental management increased by 17.8% and 15% respectively year-on-year, reflecting that the environmental protection industry continued to accelerate development and the green concept was more deeply rooted in people’s hearts.

Sixth, the leading advantage of private economy is obvious, and private enterprises are growing rapidly.Private economy is an important subject to promote high-quality development. In 2020, the sales revenue of private economy increased by 8% year-on-year, 2 percentage points higher than the overall level of enterprises in China, including an increase of 18% in the fourth quarter and an increase of 3.2 percentage points over the third quarter. In particular, the sales revenue of private enterprises increased by 9.6% year-on-year, which was 1.6 percentage points higher than the overall level of private economy. thank you

CCTV reporter at the reception desk asked questions.

4. CCTV reporter: Hello, Director Cai, just now you mentioned that the high-tech industry in China will achieve double-digit rapid growth in 2020. Excuse me, what are the specific highlights?

Cai Zili:Thank you for your question. According to the big tax data, in 2020, the high-tech industry showed a good development trend, with a year-on-year growth of 14.7%, which was 8.7 percentage points higher than the overall level of enterprises in China. Since it turned positive in April, it has maintained rapid growth, playing a leading role and becoming a new kinetic energy to promote the high-quality development of China’s economy. Specifically, it mainly presents the following four highlights:

First, investment in research and development has increased.R&D is the source of innovation and an important strategic support for China’s scientific and technological self-reliance. In 2020, the invoice sales revenue of R&D and design services increased by 17.3% year-on-year, among which medical research, agricultural scientific research and design services increased by 41.5%, 26% and 16.6% respectively. In 2020, the R&D expenditure of national key tax source enterprises is expected to increase by 13.1% year-on-year, among which the software and information technology service industry will increase by 25.3%.

Second, the transformation of scientific and technological research and development achievements has been accelerated.This is the key link to build a strong innovation system in China. In 2020, the sales revenue of service invoices for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements increased by 45.1% year-on-year, among which technology promotion services, science and technology intermediary services and intellectual property services increased by 45.4%, 33.2% and 27.4% year-on-year, respectively, reflecting the accelerated transformation of scientific and technological achievements into real productivity.

Third, the rapid growth of high-tech enterprises.Enterprise is the main body of innovation. In 2020, China’s high-tech enterprises are expected to reach 275,000, which is 3.5 times that of 2015 at the end of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan. Among them, the sales revenue of industrial control computer systems and information security equipment manufacturing invoices related to high-end equipment manufacturing increased by 20.1% and 17.2% respectively. The manufacturing of smart consumer equipment related to consumption upgrading increased by 24% year-on-year.

Fourth, new formats and new models are booming.In 2020, industries related to the digital economy grew rapidly, and the invoice sales revenue of seven related industries such as computer equipment manufacturing and Internet increased by 12.1% year-on-year, which was 6.1 percentage points higher than the national overall level. Online platform transactions have developed rapidly. Sales revenue of e-commerce credit service, Internet platform and information technology service increased by 45.7%, 29.4% and 24.5% respectively.

It is particularly noteworthy that the integration of the Internet, big data and artificial intelligence is further enhanced. In 2020, the purchase of information services by manufacturing industry increased by 18% year-on-year, which was 10.4 percentage points higher than the national average, and promoted the digital transformation and upgrading of China’s manufacturing industry. thank you

Rong Hai building:Because of the time, the question session is here.

2021 is a year of historic significance. China will solemnly celebrate the centenary of the founding of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and start a new journey of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way. The national taxation system will adhere to the guidance of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era, conscientiously implement the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, promote the modernization of taxation in the new development stage with high quality, give full play to the basic, pillar and supportive role of taxation in state governance, and contribute to maintaining the economic operation in a reasonable range and achieving a good start in the Tenth Five-Year Plan.

Recently, Tesla has been hit by many friends. The starting price of 176,800 yuan on the evening of March 13th is about 90,000 yuan cheaper than the new version of Tesla Model Y.. Therefore, it seems that the Tesla China team will live to develop a brand-new Model Y version to cope with the stronger impact of the future market.

First of all, we can see Tucki G6, the competitor of Tesla Model Y, which is currently equipped with 800V architecture after being redesigned and listed, and it is also equipped with smart driving and 5C batteries. Under such a big upgrade, the price dropped to 176,800, which really shocked consumers.

According to informed sources, this model, which is more people-friendly, was developed by the R&D team of China, and its core strategy is to achieve cost control by streamlining configuration while retaining the main functions of the current Model Y battery, power and chassis. However, many consumers said that the current version of Model Y is "simple". Where can Tesla start?

During the investor day in 2024, Lars Moravy, the chief engineer of Tesla, also made it clear that the company hopes to manufacture the "next generation" car at half the cost of the current or Model Y. So with the acceleration of involution, is Tesla willing to "test the water" in the best-selling China market? If Tesla reduces the current cost by half to produce cars, it means that the price of new products will drop to 150,000 yuan or even lower, so it may really be more cost-effective than Tucki G6.

Further, during the Shanghai Auto Show, the brand-new one will be officially unveiled or even released in advance, which is bound to be a greater test and impact for the new version of Tesla Model Y Huan.

So what do you think are the chances that Tesla will launch a cheap version of Model Y? Welcome to leave a message for discussion!

Yue ke Gao zi [2021] No.222

Around the level of the Municipal Science and Technology Bureau (Commission), the relevant units:

　　In order to further promote the construction of a new pattern of science and technology incubation and breeding system in our province and realize new promotion, the Special Action Plan for High-quality Development of Science and Technology Incubation and Breeding System in Guangdong Province (2021-2025) is hereby printed and distributed to you, please implement it carefully.

Provincial science and technology department

December 3, 2021

Special Action Plan for High-quality Development of Science and Technology Incubation System in Guangdong Province (2021-2025)

　　This action plan is formulated in order to fully implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th Plenary Sessions of the 19th National Congress, the important instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on scientific and technological innovation and Guangdong’s work, meet the requirements of high-quality development, and further promote the construction of a new pattern and new promotion of the science and technology incubation system in our province.

　　First, the overall thinking and objectives

　　Focusing on the overall positioning goal given to Guangdong by the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader, we will implement the "1+1+9" work plan of the Provincial Party Committee, seize the opportunity of the construction of the pioneering demonstration zones in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and Shenzhen, and strengthen the "two-city linkage" between Guangzhou and Shenzhen, so as to realize the transformation of the development of the incubation system in our province from scale growth to high-quality development, and take the promotion of incubation kinetic energy and acceleration of industrial incubation as the main line. We will further promote six special actions, including the cultivation of industrial incubation clusters, the promotion of characteristic incubation carriers, the innovative development of university science parks, the "quality Shuang Sheng" of incubating enterprises, the "expansion and quality improvement" of entrepreneurial tutors, and the financial support for innovation and entrepreneurship, and accelerate the formation of a "one core, one belt and one district" pattern of regional coordinated development, which is guided by the "dual cores" of Guangzhou and Shenzhen, with the high-quality development of the core area of the Pearl River Delta and the characteristic development of the eastern and western wings of the coastal economic belt and the northern ecological zone.

　　By 2023, the province’s incubation and breeding system has made a breakthrough in terms of scale and quality, regional layout, short-board reinforcement and supporting development.

　　—— Incubation carrier realizes "stable quantity and rising quality". The number of incubators and creative spaces remains the first in China, and the number of state-level incubators and national creative spaces ranks among the top in China, with professional incubators accounting for over 40%, focusing on building a number of professional and branded incubators with global influence.

　　—— The characteristic incubation carrier realizes the new layout. Accelerate the full coverage of provincial accelerators in the national high-tech zones in the province; Accelerate the full coverage of provincial university science parks in high-level universities, and build 3 ~ 5 national university science parks with national demonstration effect; We will build more than 150 incubators for Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and international technology enterprises.

　　-New breakthroughs have been made in the indicators of regional innovation capability business incubation. The total number of entrepreneurial tutors in the province ranks first in the country, and the ratio of the number of entrepreneurial tutors in the average incubator to the number of incubating enterprises reaches 1: 1; The cultivation of graduate enterprises has achieved substantial results, with an average of 6 graduate enterprises in the incubator that year; The scale of incubation funds has grown steadily, and the average annual growth rate of incubator funds in the province has reached 30%. —

　　-High-quality employment and economic development achieve "double support". The province’s incubation carrier has absorbed more than 620,000 jobs, including more than 10,000 entrepreneurs who have returned from overseas study; Cultivate more than 1,000 enterprises with an operating income of more than 50 million and incubate a number of listed enterprises in science and technology innovation board; Cultivate a number of tens of billions of industrial incubation clusters in the new generation of information technology, biomedicine, high-end equipment manufacturing and other professional fields.

　　By 2025, we will take the lead in building a national pioneering place for high-quality innovation and entrepreneurship and a new highland for international innovation and entrepreneurship, which will provide important support for promoting the development of strategic pillar industries and strategic emerging industries in our province, cultivating future industries, enhancing regional innovation capabilities and building Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area International Science and Technology Innovation Center.

　　Second, the key tasks

　　(a) industrial incubation cluster cultivation action.

　　Constructing a collaborative innovation model of supply chain led by leading enterprises. Guide leading enterprises to build their own incubation carriers or open industrial innovation platforms, open application scenarios for small and medium-sized enterprises, and release the research and development needs of key technologies and reserve technologies. By integrating the industrial chain and supply chain resources of raw material production, spare parts supply, scale production and market sales, small and medium-sized enterprises and large enterprises will be promoted to cooperate and cooperate in depth, and a new industrial incubation ecology with innovative collaboration, capacity sharing and supply chain interoperability among large and medium-sized enterprises will be established.

　　Promote incubation carriers, focus on professional fields and accelerate industrial incubation. Encourage accelerator-based incubation carriers to focus on the common industrial needs in sub-sectors and develop in the direction of specialization and industrialization. By constructing industrial incubation service systems such as industrial design, concept verification, intermediate test and small batch trial production, inspection and testing, product experience and market sales, we will provide standardized and universal professional services for the industrialization development of enterprises in residence, and formulate personalized industrial service plans to accelerate industrial incubation in combination with the needs of enterprises of different industrial types and different development stages.

　　Cultivate industrial incubation clusters in combination with the direction of local industries. Around the strategic pillar industries, strategic emerging industries and the future industrial construction direction of Guangdong Province, a number of industrial incubators and accelerators with deep integration with industries are arranged. Focus on promoting the integration of industrial resources in the national high-tech zones in the Pearl River Delta region, build and gather a number of industrial incubation carriers around the fields of new generation information technology, biomedicine and high-end equipment manufacturing, take the lead in building industrial incubation clusters, form a regional agglomeration incubation effect, inject fresh water into the local industrial development, and cultivate new ideas, new models and new subjects for the industry.

　　(2) Promotion of characteristic incubation carriers.

　　Cultivate incubation carriers of Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and international technology enterprises. Improve the incubation service capabilities of incubation platforms such as Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, international incubation carriers and overseas students’ pioneer parks, and focus on building a number of Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan characteristic incubation carriers and benchmark incubators with international influence in Shenzhen Qianhai and Zhuhai Hengqin, so as to promote the transformation of Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and international scientific and technological achievements in our province. Encourage incubators to "go global" to carry out overseas layout, and give priority to setting up offshore science and technology incubation bases or demonstration institutions for the transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements in international sister cities, international innovative talents-intensive areas and countries along the Belt and Road, so as to gather global high-end innovation resources, promote the two-way incubation of international scientific and technological achievements, and create a new highland for international innovation and entrepreneurship.

　　Encourage scientific and technological innovation carriers and platforms to build professional incubation carriers. Support provincial universities, scientific research institutions and other scientific and technological innovation carriers, and provincial laboratories, high-level innovation research institutes and other innovation platforms fully combine the advantages of professional disciplines and scientific research forces to build professional incubation carriers; Relying on innovative achievement transformation platforms such as Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area National Technology Innovation Center, we will provide incubation services such as technology research and development, technology transfer, pilot verification and R&D fund, and promote more scientific and technological innovation research and development to realize achievement transformation and incubation.

　　Promote the high-tech zone to speed up the layout of a number of accelerators. Encourage high-tech zones above the provincial level to strengthen open innovation, strengthen the development and sharing of scientific and technological resources, build a number of accelerators in related fields around the layout of characteristic industries in local high-tech zones, gradually build professional incubation chains, and cultivate emerging forces for local industries. By 2025, the national high-tech zone will achieve full coverage of provincial accelerators.

　　(3) Innovative development actions of university science parks.

　　Promote the incremental upgrading of university science parks. Guide local cities to build a number of provincial-level university science parks with distinctive discipline characteristics, obvious technological advantages, concentrated innovation elements and strong industrial driving force, and strive to achieve full coverage of provincial-level university science parks by 2025. Guide provincial university science parks to create national university science parks, and gradually form a gradient development pattern of provincial and national university science parks.

　　Innovate the transfer and transformation mode of scientific and technological achievements. Support the introduction or construction of technology transfer institutions in university science parks, set up a team of specialized technology brokers, and support the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. Strengthen the cooperation of "school+park+enterprise" in innovation and entrepreneurship, integrate the scientific and educational resources of technological innovation centers, key laboratories, collaborative innovation centers and engineering centers in schools, build a full-chain service platform from research and development, pilot-scale ripening to industrial trial production, carry out engineering and industrial development to meet the needs of industrial development, and promote the transfer and transformation of technological achievements with application prospects.

　　Strengthen the cultivation of innovative and entrepreneurial talents. Explore the establishment of entrepreneurship colleges, innovation and entrepreneurship practice bases and practice training bases, provide practical platforms for college students’ innovation and entrepreneurship, enhance their innovative spirit, entrepreneurial awareness and innovative and entrepreneurial ability, and cultivate a group of innovative and entrepreneurial reserve forces with entrepreneurial spirit. Support college graduates to start businesses on the spot, and encourage the formation of joint entrepreneurial teams with college teachers and college alumni.

　　(D) "Quality Shuang Sheng" action of incubating enterprises.

　　Accelerate the cultivation of scientific and technological entrepreneurial enterprises. Support incubation carriers to join entrepreneurial training institutions, establish a "full companion" counseling mechanism for key enterprises, carry out systematic and in-depth innovation and entrepreneurship cultivation for high-quality incubating enterprises with strong technology research and development foundation and good market prospects, promote enterprises to establish a patent pre-application evaluation mechanism, carry out high-value patent layout, and guide the growth and development of incubating enterprises in an all-round way. Strengthen the linkage between incubator identification and evaluation of small and medium-sized scientific and technological enterprises, improve the scientific and technological content of enterprises cultivated by incubators, and intensify efforts to cultivate high-quality enterprises such as small and medium-sized scientific and technological enterprises, high-tech enterprises and listed (listed) enterprises.

　　Enhance the endogenous development momentum of incubating enterprises. Promote the "joint innovation plan for large, medium and small enterprises", guide small and medium-sized enterprises to leverage resources such as supply chain, management and capital of large enterprises, accelerate the endogenous kinetic energy of innovation and development, and form an industrial ecosystem where large, medium and small enterprises are integrated. Encourage leading enterprises to form innovation consortia, drive small and medium-sized enterprises to carry out innovation activities, jointly undertake national, provincial and municipal research and development plans in key areas, and promote small and medium-sized enterprises to enhance their technological innovation and industrial transformation capabilities.

　　Smooth the graduation passage of incubating enterprises. Promote the construction of a number of professional incubation chains with accelerators as the main body, gradually open up the docking channels between incubators and accelerators, promote the incubation carriers to actively revitalize the existing stocks, and accelerate the graduation of incubating enterprises.

　　(V) Entrepreneurship mentor’s action of "expanding capacity and improving quality".

　　Improve the filing system for entrepreneurial tutors. Issue the Guidelines for the Filing of Entrepreneurial Mentors in Guangdong Province, clarify the definition, filing conditions, process and mentor service content of entrepreneurial mentors, and establish a normalized and dynamic filing mechanism for entrepreneurial mentors; Cooperate with various resources, fully tap different types of entrepreneurial tutors such as enterprise management, technological innovation, technology and finance, scientific and technological services and carrier operation, establish a database of entrepreneurial tutors in Guangdong Province, and improve the management system of entrepreneurial tutors in our province.

　　Improve the service ability of entrepreneurial tutors. Carry out comprehensive ability training for entrepreneurial tutors, continuously improve the cultivation system of entrepreneurial tutors, and enhance the personalized and professional entrepreneurial service capabilities that entrepreneurial tutors need for different types of entrepreneurs and enterprises at different stages of development. Through the activities of "Entrepreneurial Mentors Traveling in Cities and Parks", field visits and problem diagnosis are carried out to provide entrepreneurs and enterprises with more targeted and broader entrepreneurial counseling services.

　　Establish an incentive mechanism for entrepreneurial tutors. Encourage qualified cities to give subsidies to entrepreneurial tutors with outstanding service performance. It is recommended to enter the expert database of Guangdong incubation and breeding system construction, recommend qualified entrepreneurial instructors to enter the expert database of Guangdong science and technology enterprises, recommend entrepreneurial instructors to participate in the selection of outstanding dual-innovation talents at all levels, and regularly carry out the selection of "Guangdong Excellent Entrepreneurship Instructors" to effectively expand the team of instructors.

　　(VI) Financial support actions for innovation and entrepreneurship.

　　Expand the total scale of incubation funds in our province. In the performance evaluation of provincial incubation carriers, the establishment of incubation funds and the assessment of investment and financing should be strengthened. Encourage cities to give subsidies to financial institutions that build incubation funds with incubation carriers, and set up a fund pool for risk compensation of science and technology loans for enterprises that are incubating (entering), effectively expanding the scale of incubation funds in our province.

　　Promote the deep integration of business incubation and technology and finance. Support industry associations to jointly incubate carriers, technology and finance Comprehensive Service Center and various financial institutions, carry out special matchmaking meetings, promote "entrepreneurial mentors" and "technology and finance commissioners" to pair up and serve incubating enterprises, and increase Pratt & Whitney technology and finance’s service to incubating carriers and incubating (settled) enterprises. Governments at all levels are encouraged to increase investment risk compensation for venture capital funds and industrial investment funds for incubating enterprises. Give full play to the guiding role of SDIC (Guangdong) Venture Capital Fund for the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements and the parent fund for the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements of China Academy of Sciences, and increase the cultivation and investment of entrepreneurial projects, start-ups and growth enterprises.

　　Improve the docking ability between incubation and capital market. Encourage local cities to reduce the cost of listing by means of awards and subsidies, promote the listing of qualified incubation carriers and enterprises in the Guangdong Science and Technology Innovation Board and the New Third Board, further promote the listing in the North Exchange, science and technology innovation board, Growth Enterprise Market, Main Board and overseas capital markets, and accelerate the formation of a gradient development system for listing and listing.

　　Third, safeguard measures

　　(1) Improve the working mechanism. Establish a cross-departmental collaborative promotion mechanism such as the Provincial Development and Reform Commission, the Provincial Department of Education, the Provincial Department of Science and Technology, the Provincial Department of Finance, and the Provincial Department of People’s Social Welfare, strengthen macro guidance and coordination of the province’s incubation carriers, strengthen supervision and implementation of key tasks of the special action plan, and regularly report the progress of relevant work to guide the healthy and orderly development of various incubation carriers. Establish a "one-to-many" counterpart cooperation mechanism between the core area of the Pearl River Delta and the eastern and western wings of the coastal economic belt and the northern ecological development zone to promote the overall improvement of the incubation carrier in the province.

　　(2) Improve policy guarantee. Combined with the key promotion direction of regional innovation ability, the performance evaluation system is formulated. Provinces and cities should cooperate to strengthen financial support, encourage local cities to study and introduce innovative policies to improve the ability of business incubation, as well as supporting policies in land planning, talent introduction incentives and financial support to support the construction of local university science parks, guide leading enterprises and scientific research institutions to build incubation carriers, and accelerate the construction of university science parks in colleges and universities.

　　(3) Strengthen dynamic management. Implement dynamic management of the province’s incubation carriers and strengthen the elimination mechanism of provincial incubation carriers. Improve the statistical index system, add accelerators and university science parks for statistics and filing. Establish a dynamic monitoring mechanism to dynamically monitor the construction of business incubation indicators in our province and scientifically guide the development of the industry.

　　(4) Optimize the entrepreneurial environment. Support high-quality incubation carriers to form chain incubation brands with Guangdong characteristics, build brands of Guangdong business incubation activities such as "Yuekechuang" and Guangdong Innovation and Entrepreneurship Competition, and continuously enhance the national influence of Guangdong incubation. Construct a multi-level training system for personnel in the incubation industry to improve the professional ability of incubation service personnel in all directions; Continue to improve the incubation industry organizations in cities and strengthen the linkage and cooperation between provincial and municipal industry associations. Strengthen the construction of the service platform of the province’s science and technology incubation system, strengthen the data interconnection between provinces and cities, and promote the exchange and sharing of the province’s incubation service resources.

Chapter I General Provisions

　　Article 1 In order to implement the spirit of the State Council’s Opinions on Promoting the High-quality Development of Innovation and Entrepreneurship to Create an Upgraded Version of "Innovation and Entrepreneurship", accelerate the implementation of the Special Action Plan for the High-quality Development of Science and Technology Incubation System in Guangdong Province (2021-2025), establish a database of entrepreneurial tutors in the province, improve the team of entrepreneurial tutors in the province, strengthen the classified guidance of entrepreneurial tutors, give full play to their professional service ability and improve the service level of innovation and entrepreneurship in the province, these work guidelines are specially formulated.

　　Article 2 For the purposes of these Guidelines, the registered entrepreneurial mentors (hereinafter referred to as entrepreneurial mentors) mainly refer to enterprise management experts, technical innovation experts, technology and finance experts, technical service experts, and carrier operation experts who can provide professional and practical counseling services to entrepreneurial enterprises and entrepreneurs.

　　Article 3 The Department of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province shall provide professional guidance to entrepreneurial tutors in the whole province. Entrust a professional organization to be responsible for the implementation of daily work.

Chapter II Filing Conditions and Categories

　　Article 4 An entrepreneurial tutor shall meet the following basic requirements:

　　(1) Abide by national laws and regulations and have good ideological and political quality.

　　(two) physical and mental health, love entrepreneurship, good professional ethics, a strong sense of social responsibility and dedication, voluntary entrepreneurship guidance.

　　(three) familiar with the national and local policies and regulations on innovation and entrepreneurship, with a high level of policy theory and professional and technical level, familiar with enterprise management and market operation rules.

　　(four) have rich experience or professional expertise in entrepreneurship guidance, entrepreneurship training, starting or managing enterprises, and actively participate in entrepreneurship guidance activities in our province, and can provide various counseling services for entrepreneurial enterprises and entrepreneurs.

　　Article 5 Entrepreneurial mentors mainly include the following categories:

　　(1) Enterprise management. Leading enterprises, industry backbone enterprises, innovative enterprises and other relevant responsible persons or executives.

　　(2) Technological innovation. Universities, scientific research institutions, new R&D institutions, high-level innovation research institutes, enterprises and other experts who provide technical guidance for innovation and entrepreneurship in professional and technical fields.

　　(3) technology and finance. Experts with investment and financing counseling experience in financial institutions such as venture capital companies, securities companies and banks.

　　(4) scientific and technological services. Experts in universities, scientific research institutions, relevant government departments, etc. who carry out research, management and guidance of innovative and entrepreneurial activities, as well as scientific and technological service institutions to carry out financial, legal, market and intellectual property services.

　　(5) Carrier operation. Incubation carriers of science and technology enterprises such as Zhongchuang Space, Incubators and Accelerators, and operation managers of carriers such as University Science Park.

　　(6) Others. Other mentors who provide double-creation counseling for entrepreneurs and enterprises in the province.

Chapter III Filing Process and Mechanism

　　Article 6 Entrepreneurial tutors shall be filed in the following ways:

　　(1) Normalized collection. Professional institutions are responsible for the normal collection of entrepreneurial tutors.

　　(2) declaration. Those who meet the requirements of entrepreneurial tutors can apply through personal recommendation, unit recommendation, invitation from outside the province, etc., fill in the Application Form for Entrepreneurship Tutors in Guangdong Province, and provide their identity certificates, resumes and typical cases.

　　(3) review. Professional institutions conduct qualification examination according to the conditions of entrepreneurial tutors.

　　(4) filing. Eligible entrepreneurial tutors are included in the "Guangdong Entrepreneurship Tutor Database" and an electronic filing certificate for entrepreneurial tutors is issued.

　　Article 7 Entrepreneurial tutors adopt a dynamic filing mechanism, and the filing period is valid for 2 years. During the validity period, relevant counseling tasks can be carried out, and they can automatically continue to file, otherwise they need to resubmit their applications.

　　Article 8 During the filing period, an entrepreneurial tutor will be disqualified from filing under any of the following circumstances:

　　(1) Engaging in activities outside the scope of duties of an entrepreneurial mentor in the society in the name of an entrepreneurial mentor, causing adverse effects.

　　(2) divulging the business secrets of an entrepreneurial enterprise.

　　(3) Failing to fulfill the responsibilities and obligations of the entrepreneurial tutor.

　　(four) the entrepreneurial tutor voluntarily applies for cancellation of the record.

　　(five) because of other reasons can not work as a business mentor.

Chapter IV Service Contents and Incentive Measures

　　Article 9 Entrepreneurial mentors shall undertake the responsibility of counseling entrepreneurial enterprises and entrepreneurs, and provide consulting and guidance services for all kinds of entrepreneurs who are willing to start a business or are in the early stage of starting a business; Docking incubation carriers, university science parks and accepting employment, actively providing counseling and services for start-up enterprises. The main service contents of entrepreneurial tutors are:

　　(1) Entrepreneurship counseling. Participate in brand activities such as entrepreneurial tutors’ trips to cities and parks, and provide professional guidance for entrepreneurial enterprises in industrial chain resource docking, project evaluation, market analysis, investment and financing, enterprise management and capital operation; Jointly form an innovative strategic consulting team with professional institutions to connect with cutting-edge technical teams for high-quality incubation projects of large enterprises.

　　(2) Entrepreneurship training. As a double-innovation training lecturer, he provides entrepreneurs with entrepreneurship training in technology research and development, business model and internationalization.

　　(3) Entrepreneurial activities. As a special guest of the important double-creation activities in the province, we will share the entrepreneurial experience and create an entrepreneurial atmosphere.

　　(4) Policy research. As an expert in innovation and entrepreneurship research, he conducted research on the policy of dual innovation, studied the development trend of dual innovation, and put forward countermeasures and suggestions to provide decision-making reference for government management departments.

　　Article 10 After professional training, entrepreneurial instructors are recommended to enter the expert database of incubation and breeding system construction in Guangdong Province. Recommend qualified entrepreneurial instructors to enter the expert database of enterprise science and technology commissioners in Guangdong Province. Entrepreneurial tutors are recommended to participate in the selection, study and inspection of outstanding dual-creative talents at the national and provincial levels.

　　Eleventh to help entrepreneurial tutors docking high-quality incubation projects, innovative talents, technology and finance, incubation carrier and other dual-innovation resources.

　　Twelfth regularly carry out the evaluation of entrepreneurial tutors, and those who actively provide entrepreneurial counseling and have good service performance are selected as "excellent entrepreneurial tutors in Guangdong Province". Outstanding cases of entrepreneurial tutors coaching entrepreneurs will be publicized and promoted through public networks, magazines and other media.

　　Thirteenth to encourage qualified cities to give subsidies to entrepreneurial tutors with outstanding service performance.

Chapter V Supplementary Provisions

　　Article 14 The Guangdong Provincial Department of Science and Technology shall be responsible for the interpretation of these Guidelines, which shall come into force as of the date of promulgation.

Related Links: Policy Interpretation of Special Action Plan for High-quality Development of Science and Technology Incubation and Breeding System in Guangdong Province (2021-2025)

　　CCTV News:At present, there are more than 12 million online delivery agents registered on various platforms in China. Because of their flexibility and mobility, these riders often have no fixed labor relations and do not enjoy perfect social security. On February 19th, several platforms announced that they would pay social security for take-away riders.

　　JD.COM will pay "five insurances and one gold" for take-away full-time riders.

　　On the morning of February 19th, JD.COM announced that from March 1st, 2025, it will gradually pay "five insurances and one fund" including pension insurance, medical insurance, unemployment insurance, work injury insurance, maternity insurance and housing accumulation fund for full-time take-away riders in JD.COM, and provide accident insurance and health insurance for part-time riders.

　　Xu Huijie, the person in charge of take-away products in JD.COM, said that for a long time, take-away riders have no pension insurance, medical insurance and housing accumulation fund. They have always hoped that the take-away delivery staff can get medical care, get a sense of old age, get compensation for their injuries, and have no worries. The relevant preparations are progressing rapidly and nervously.

　　Meituan is building a rider information system, which will be implemented gradually in the second quarter.

　　On February 19th, Meituan also said that in 2024, it has started to investigate the rider social security scheme, and will pay social security for full-time and stable part-time riders nationwide, which is expected to be gradually implemented in the second quarter of 2025.

　　Tian Ye, the head of the distribution rider protection of Meituan, said that they chose different regions and cities for in-depth research and formed a preliminary pilot program under the guidance of relevant departments. At present, the information system related to rider social security is being built. Riders get paid for their work, and the protection is more comprehensive, so that riders will feel more at ease when delivering meals, and they will respond more calmly when encountering difficulties.

　　Expert: It is good for workers to promote the benign development of the platform.

　　With the rapid development of instant delivery business, the team of online riders is also growing. This time, some platforms began to pay social security for them. Experts said that this is good news for workers and is also conducive to the benign development of the platform.

　　Experts believe that as a new form of employment, take-away riders have not established labor relations with the platform before, so they cannot enjoy the corresponding social security. This time, it is a great breakthrough for JD.COM and Meituan to pay social security for riders.

　　Zhang Chenggang, director of China New Employment Form Research Center, said that as a platform enterprise, it can also undertake the social security role that the enterprise should bear for workers. It also indirectly responds from practice, which is not completely in line with the question of whether such workers should pay social security after all. This is a great improvement in the protection of the labor rights and interests of foreign riders, and it also makes up for the lack of ways to pay social security for take-away riders in the past.

　　Experts believe that riders are highly mobile, so allowing them to enjoy stable social security will attract more people to stay for a long time, which will play a positive role in platform development and consumer services.

　　Zhang Chenggang said that it is equivalent to helping the platform save the cost of recruitment or training. After the rider’s rights and interests are guaranteed, his job satisfaction will be improved accordingly, and the service to consumers will definitely be improved in quality.

　　The number of workers in the new employment pattern has exceeded 84 million

　　Not only take-away riders, but with the rapid development of the platform economy, the number of new employment forms such as network car drivers, truck drivers and Internet marketers has increased significantly, and the number of employees has exceeded 84 million. In recent years, the state has also adopted various measures to weave a social security net for them in view of the new situation and new problems they are facing in social security.

　　Constantly weaving a social security network for workers with new employment forms

　　In 2021, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and other departments issued the Guiding Opinions on Safeguarding the Labor Security Rights and Interests of Workers with New Employment Forms, which clearly stated that enterprises should guide and support workers with new employment forms who do not fully meet the conditions of establishing labor relations to participate in corresponding social insurance according to their own conditions.

　　In July 2022, China officially launched the pilot work of occupational injury protection for new employment forms. The pilot work was carried out in four industries: travel, take-away, instant delivery and freight transportation in seven provinces and cities, including Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Guangdong, Hainan, Chongqing and Sichuan, covering seven platform enterprises. At present, 10,379,900 people have been included in the insurance coverage.

　　BEIJING, Feb. 1 (Leng Haoyang) Today, the 40-day Spring Festival travel rush kicked off. According to China Railway Corporation, in 2017, a new line of 3,038 kilometers was put into operation, and the "four vertical and four horizontal" high-speed rail network was completed and put into operation ahead of schedule. This also means that a number of railways will meet the first Spring Festival travel rush exam. Which new railway lines will help you go home during the Spring Festival this year? Do these railway lines pass through your hometown?

　　Chongqing-Guizhou Railway: Chengdu-Chongqing Quickly "Hand in Hand" in the Pearl River Delta

　　Every year, Spring Festival travel rush, Chengdu and Chongqing are the key areas where it is difficult to grab tickets. This year, an important railway line in Spring Festival travel rush will give people in this area a more convenient choice to "go home".

　　On January 25, 2018, the Chongqing-Guiyang Railway was put into operation, which became a fast railway channel to connect Chengdu-Chongqing area and even southwest area to South China and East China, and then connected with the existing high-speed railway lines such as Guiguang, Chengdu-Chongqing and Shanghai-Kunming. A large-capacity transportation channel will help Spring Festival travel rush.

　　The Chongqing-Guiyang Railway leads from Chongqing West Railway Station, passes through Qijiang, Zunyi and Xifeng, and finally reaches Guiyang North Railway Station, with a total length of 347 kilometers. It is a double-track electrified railway with passenger and freight lines. Twelve stations, including Chongqing West, Luohuang South, Qijiangdong, Rushui East, Tongzi North, Tongzi East, Loushanguannan, Zunyi, Longkeng, Zunyi South, Xifeng and xiuwen county, have been newly built, with an initial maximum operating speed of 200 kilometers per hour.

　　At the beginning of the opening of Chongqing-Guiyang Railway, 66 pairs of passenger trains will be arranged, and the running time of Chengdu, Chongqing-Guiyang, Guangzhou, Kunming and Changsha will be greatly shortened.

　　Xicheng high-speed railway: the history of "difficult roads" has been rewritten.

　　Joining Spring Festival travel rush’s army for the first time this year is Xicheng High-speed Railway.

　　"It’s difficult to get through the Shu Road, but it’s difficult to get into the sky", which has always hindered the traffic development between the north and the south of Qinling Mountains. However, with the opening of the Xicheng high-speed railway, the history of "difficult roads" has been rewritten.

　　On December 6 last year, Xicheng high-speed railway was officially opened for operation. Xicheng high-speed railway leads from Xi ‘an, Shaanxi Province, passes through Ankang and Hanzhong in Shaanxi Province to Guangyuan and Mianyang in Sichuan Province, and connects with Mianyang-Chengdu-Leshan Railway at Jiangyou Station, reaching Chengdu, with a total length of 658 kilometers.

　　Xicheng high-speed railway operates at a speed of 250 kilometers per hour. The shortest travel time between the two places is reduced to 3 hours and 27 minutes, which is 7 hours shorter than the original shortest travel time between the two places.

　　The opening of Xicheng high-speed railway will greatly ease the pressure of Spring Festival travel rush between Xi ‘an and Chengdu. On the afternoon of January 31st, the reporter inquired about the train tickets between Xi ‘an and Chengdu on February 14th (the 29th of the twelfth lunar month) and February 21st (the 6th day of the first lunar month) through the 12306 client, and found that many high-speed trains still had tickets left.

　　Data Map: Last December 28th, with Shijiazhuang — The D1611 train from Qingdao North left Shijiazhuang Railway Station, and the Shijiazhuang-Jinan high-speed railway was opened for operation. The picture shows the first train of D1611. China News Service reporter Yujia Zhai photo

　　Shiji high-speed railway: Shanxi, Hebei and Shandong provinces realize high-speed railway connection

　　On December 28th last year, the Shijiazhuang-Jinan high-speed railway was put into operation, and there was no direct high-speed railway between the capital cities of Hebei and Shandong provinces. The last section of China’s "four verticals and four horizontals" high-speed railway network officially closed.

　　Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province and Jinan, Shandong Province are the two capital cities of Shiji High-speed Railway, with a total length of 298 kilometers. Its east and west ends are connected with Jiqing High-speed Railway and Shitaike Special Railway respectively, which enables Shandong, Hebei and Shanxi provinces to realize high-speed rail connection.

　　The line also connects with Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed railway at Shijiazhuang Station and Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway at Dezhou East Station, with 11 stations in total. In addition to Shijiazhuang and Dezhou East Station, there are 9 new stations in Shijiazhuang East, Gaocheng South, Xinji South, Hengshui North, Jingzhou, Pingyuan East, Yucheng East, Qihe and Jinan East.

　　At present, there are plenty of tickets for Spring Festival travel rush-Shijiazhuang High-speed Railway. On 31st, the reporter found that there are plenty of tickets for the trips between the two cities from February 12th to 15th before the Spring Festival and from February 20th to 22nd after the Spring Festival.

　　Data Map: The first G2028 train of Baolan High-speed Railway will run to Xuzhou, Jiangsu, a thoroughfare city of five provinces more than 1,500 kilometers away. Yang yanmin

　　Baolan High-speed Railway: Take the High-speed Railway to the Silk Road.

　　What kind of experience is it to take the high-speed train home on the Silk Road?

　　On July 9, last year, Baolan High-speed Railway was put into operation, with a total length of 401 kilometers, with eight stations including Baoji South, Tianshui South, Qin ‘an, Tongwei, Dingxi Northwest and Lanzhou West, with an operating speed of 250 kilometers per hour. Now, from Lanzhou, you can reach Xi ‘an in 3 hours at the earliest, and it takes only 8 hours and 20 minutes to reach Beijing.

　　Baolan high-speed railway is connected with Xi ‘an-Baoji high-speed railway and Lanxin high-speed railway, which have been opened to traffic, respectively, from the east and west directions. With the opening of this "last mile", it means that from Xi ‘an, Shaanxi Province, the starting point of the ancient Silk Road, to Urumqi, Xinjiang, a "high-speed railway silk road" with a length of more than 2,300 kilometers runs through the whole line, and the northwest of China is fully integrated into the national high-speed railway network, and the high-speed railways in eastern, central and western China have achieved full interoperability.

　　Similar to Xicheng High-speed Railway and Shiji High-speed Railway, the opening of Baolan High-speed Railway also eased the pressure on Spring Festival travel rush. On the afternoon of the 31st, the reporter found that on February 13th and 14th of the pre-holiday peak, and on the 20th and 21st of the post-holiday peak, there were sufficient tickets for the high-speed rail between Xi ‘an and Lanzhou, and there were also a small number of tickets left in the business seats and first-class seats of some trains from Beijing to Lanzhou.

　　Zhanghu High-speed Railway: Inner Mongolia Entering the "High-speed Railway Era"

　　People in Inner Mongolia can also take the high-speed train home in Spring Festival travel rush this year!

　　The first new high-speed railway in Inner Mongolia, Zhanghu high-speed railway from Wulanchabu to the eastern section of Hohhot, was officially opened for operation on August 3 last year. After the opening, the running time from Hohhot to Wulanchabu was shortened to 40 minutes.

　　Zhanghu High-speed Railway (Wulanchabu to the east section of Hohhot) starts from Hohhot East Station, passes through its Yingnan Station and Zhuozi East Station, and finally reaches Wulanchabu Station, with a total length of 126 kilometers and an operating speed of 250 kilometers per hour.

　　In the future, Zhanghu high-speed railway will also be connected with the Beijing-Zhangjia high-speed railway under construction, forming a fast passenger passage from Beijing to Hohhot within 3 hours.

　　Data Map: On September 29th last year, the first train K4518 from Lanzhou to Chongqing set off, marking the opening and operation of the whole line of lanzhou-chongqing railway, which took nine years to build. Yang yanmin

　　Lanzhou-chongqing railway: The northwest and southwest are more closely linked.

　　In addition to the above-mentioned Chongqing-Guizhou Railway and Xicheng High-speed Railway, there is also a railway connecting the southwest that will help Spring Festival travel rush and facilitate people in the southwest to travel.

　　This is the grand railway passage connecting the southwest and northwest of China — — Lanzhou-chongqing railway.

　　Lanzhou-Chongqing Railway passes through Gansu, Shaanxi, Sichuan and Chongqing provinces, one city and 22 cities and counties. It is a national I-class railway with double-track electrification of passenger and cargo. The main line is 886 kilometers long, with a design speed of 160 kilometers per hour, and 200 kilometers per hour is reserved for conditional sections.

　　Nowadays, the transportation distance from Lanzhou to Chongqing has been shortened from 1,453 kilometers to 886 kilometers, and the bus running time has been shortened from 21 hours to the current 12 hours, which greatly facilitates the travel of passengers between the southwest and northwest regions.

　　Jiujing-Qu Railway: Ending the History of Many Places Closed to Traffic

　　During this year’s stay in Spring Festival travel rush, people in Poyang, Duchang, Jingdezhen and other places will have a more convenient way to go home.

　　Jiujingqu Railway was opened to traffic on December 28th last year. It is a double-track electrified express railway with a design speed of 200 kilometers per hour. It starts from jiujiang railway station, Jiangxi Province and ends at Quzhou Station, Zhejiang Province, with a total length of 333.3 kilometers.

　　Jiujingqu Railway constitutes the auxiliary connecting line of Beijing-Kowloon and Shanghai-Kunming, which connects with Hefu high-speed railway at Wuyuan Station, plays an important role in connecting east and west and connecting north and south in the road network node, and is another convenient passage for Central China and Southwest China to closely connect with the Yangtze River Delta and the southeast coast.

　　With the official operation of Jiujingqu Railway, there are no trains in Poyang and Duchang, and it has become history that Jingdezhen has no trains. (End)

1905 movie network news The animated comedy blockbuster, which will land on the domestic screen on July 5, has a brand-new preview today. The proud and cold ice is lazy again, vividly explaining what a cat’s cold personality is, and a real cat will only live in his own world.

　

Although it is only a short 30 seconds, the maverick reflected by Bingbing as a representative of the cat industry in the preview still makes people laugh. For human beings, they will not be caring and attentive, but proudly take all the care as a matter of course. Bingbing’s attitude of "hi or not, depending on the mood, always indifferent" makes the shovel officials collectively laugh to cry, as if they saw their own cats, which resonates quite well.

　

Even though Bing Bing’s personality is indifferent to the surrounding things, she still wins the trust of her friends and the love of the audience. Lake bell, the voice of Bing Bing, praised "it’s energetic, sexy and charming, and its furry appearance is very cute", and she also explained that "it gradually opened its heart to its pet partners and treated them as family and friends. Although it didn’t show it directly, it always respected and loved its friends".

After a lapse of three years, the tenth animated feature film of lighting and entertainment, The Secret of Love Pet 2, came back together with Meng Pet again, with more subversive jokes and more unconventional love pet life. Peter Hammond, one of the most outstanding analysts in the field of film and television and the chief film critic of deadline, a famous American website, praised the film as "the best animated film so far this year". Previously, it was released in 2016, which earned $103 million at the box office in the first weekend, becoming the first original film in Hollywood history with a box office of over 100 million in the first weekend, and finally swept the global box office of $875 million.

Original Tencent medical code

Many people have taken or are planning to take a shot of flu vaccine, but they may be blindsided as soon as they come to the vaccination clinic-how can there be so many kinds of flu vaccines?

● There is "inactivation" and "inactivation";

● There are "injections" and "nasal sprays";

● There are "trivalent" and "tetravalent";

● There are "cracking" and "subunits".

And each kind, there are different brands and different prices of products. In another hospital, I found that there are different choices.

I just want to get a good vaccine. Why is it so difficult and brain-wasting?

How to choose the flu vaccine?

For the flu season in 2023/2024, there are the following flu vaccines in mainland China [4]:

● Children from 6 months to 3 years old: trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine and tetravalent inactivated influenza vaccine are available;

● Children and adults over 3 years old: trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine and tetravalent inactivated influenza vaccine are available;

● Children aged 3 to 17: There is also a trivalent live attenuated influenza vaccine.

Is it a little winding? It doesn’t matter, a table shows clearly:

At present, influenza vaccines that need intramuscular injection are all "inactivated" vaccines (commonly known as "dead vaccines").

The "dead" vaccine does not contain live viruses, and vaccination will not make people get the flu. Generally, sufficient immunity is generated after 2 to 4 weeks of inoculation.

The flu vaccine that needs nasal spray is an attenuated live vaccine, which is suitable for people aged 3 to 17.

Studies have shown that nasal spray can produce nasal mucosal antibodies in as little as 3 days [5].

Therefore, for those children who are particularly afraid and resistant to "injection" or have skin diseases in their upper arms and no suitable injection site, "nasal spray" vaccine seems to be a more friendly choice.

However, those children who have immunodeficiency diseases, received other attenuated live vaccines (such as measles vaccine, chicken pox vaccine, etc.) within one month, or have severe rhinitis, nasal congestion, runny nose and other symptoms are not suitable for vaccination.

Of course, no matter inactivation or inactivation, it has a good protective effect and can be selected as needed.

The "price" in the vaccine name does not mean "price", but refers to the type of the same pathogen.

For example, "trivalent pneumonia vaccine" can prevent infections caused by 13 kinds of pneumococci; The "9-valent HPV vaccine" can prevent infections caused by 9 kinds of HPV (human papillomavirus).

The higher the "price", the more types of pathogens are covered, and the wider the infection can be prevented (many people will mistakenly write it as "intermediary" and "rank", which is wrong).

Influenza viruses that can infect humans and cause widespread epidemic are mainly H1N1 and H3N2 subtypes of influenza A and Victoria and Yamagata strains of influenza B..

The tetravalent influenza vaccine can prevent one more influenza virus (Yamagata strain B) than the trivalent influenza vaccine.

At the end of September this year, the World Health Organization (WHO) believed that since March 2020, Yamagata strain of influenza B had not been monitored and isolated worldwide [6].

This may be related to the epidemic situation in COVID-19 in recent three years and its prevention and control, especially the changes in people’s living habits and behaviors (such as wearing masks, reducing travel and increasing social distance) [7].

However, the fact that the virus has not been detected for the time being does not mean that the virus has "completely disappeared" and there is still the possibility of making a comeback in the future. As a precaution, WHO continues to provide recommendations on the composition of tetravalent influenza vaccine [6].

Therefore, for this year, playing 3 prices is enough; At 4 prices, you won’t lose. When choosing a flu vaccine, you don’t have to worry about the specific price.

Some people may have found that the same "inactivated" vaccine is also divided into "split" and "subunit". What’s the difference?

In fact, inactivated vaccine is to completely "kill" pathogens (such as influenza virus), take their "corpses" and make them into vaccines after processing.

Some inactivated vaccines use whole bodies, such as inactivated hepatitis A vaccine, rabies vaccine and COVID-19 vaccine.

The "split" vaccine is to split, disintegrate, filter and purify the dead virus, which greatly reduces the adverse reactions of the vaccine [8].

The "subunit" vaccine goes a step further, removing the internal protein of the virus and only extracting some components (such as neuraminidase and hemagglutinin of influenza virus), with less impurities [9] and better safety.

However, at present, the production of "subunit" influenza vaccine is relatively small and the price is more expensive.

The Technical Guide for Influenza Vaccine Vaccination in China issued by China Center for Disease Control and Prevention indicates that people who can vaccinate vaccine products of different types and manufacturers can voluntarily vaccinate any kind of influenza vaccine, and there is no prior recommendation [4].

In other words, any kind of flu vaccine can provide us with good protection. What is important is to vaccinate in time, not to choose or wait.

May each of us spend this coming winter safely and healthily!

Audit expert: Wang Qing

Chief physician, Department of Immunization Planning, Xicheng District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing

references

1.https://wjw.beijing.gov.cn/bmfw_20143/jkzs/mzyq/202310/t20231024_3285888.html

2.http://wjw.jiangsu.gov.cn/art/2023/10/27/art_49513_11054944.html

3.https://ivdc.chinacdc.cn/cnic/zyzx/lgzb/202310/t20231026_270329.htm

4. China Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Technical Guide for Influenza Vaccination in China 2023-2024.

5.Barría Maria Ines, Luis G J , Cheryl S , et al.Localized mucosal response to intranasal live attenuated influenza vaccine in adults.[J].Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2013(1):115-124.DOI:10.1093/infdis/jis641.

6.https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/recommended-composition-of-influenza-virus-vaccines-for-use-in-the-2024-southern-hemisphere-influenza-season

7.Koutsakos, M., Wheatley, A.K., Laurie, K. et al. Influenza lineage extinction during the COVID-19 pandemic? . Nat Rev Microbiol 19, 741–742 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-021-00642-4

8. Wang Lijie, Huang Weijin, Wang Youchun. Progress in research and development of universal influenza vaccine [J]. China Food and Drug Administration, 2023,05:18-23.

9. Yang Xiaoming, Gao Fu, Yu Yongxin, et al. Contemporary new vaccines [M]. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2020.

* Produced by Tencent Medical Content Team

Read the original text

　　CCTV News (Focus Interview): Taking the expressway has become one of the main ways for everyone to travel. 307.07 million vehicles, this figure is the cumulative traffic volume of the national expressway network in the past May Day holiday, with an average of more than 61 million vehicles driving on the expressway every day. This figure is nearly 20% higher than the May Day holiday in 2019 before the epidemic. At present, in view of the huge demand and road pressure, there are about 5,000 kilometers of expressway sections in the national expressway network, including the Hubei section of Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Expressway, which has been in operation for more than 20 years.

　　The upgrading and reconstruction project of Hanjiang Bridge was completed five months ahead of schedule. Before the May Day holiday, the Hubei section of Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Expressway resumed truck traffic. In just a few days, the traffic volume rose rapidly. Throughout the May Day holiday, Beijing, Hong Kong and Macao — — The daily traffic volume of this busiest expressway in Hubei exceeds 260,000 vehicles, and nearly 70% of them are logistics freight vehicles from south to north.

　　Wang Bo, instructor of the 2nd Squadron of Caidian Brigade, No.1 Team of Hubei High Police Corps: Dongxihu District of Wuhan City is equivalent to a transit point of national logistics. It is distributed from Dongxihu Lake of Wuhan City first, and then radiated to the periphery of the country, and began to deliver goods. We understand that the majority of freight car drivers are willing to take the old Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway. The so-called Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway is now called Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Expressway, and they are willing to take this expressway.

　　It starts in Beijing, with a total length of 2,285 kilometers, and passes through the North China Plain, Jianghan Plain, Central Hunan Plain, Nanling Plain and Pearl River Delta Plain, and finally reaches the ports of Hong Kong and Macao through eight provinces and cities such as Beijing, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan and Guangdong. The Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Expressway, which was built in the 1980s, is one of the earliest traffic arteries running through the north and south in China, and it is also the "national comprehensive three-dimensional traffic network in 2035".

　　Bin Fan, Deputy Director of Engineering Management Department of Highway Bureau of Ministry of Transport: The most impressive figure of the national comprehensive three-dimensional traffic network is a diamond-shaped map, which has four poles, namely, the northernmost part of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, the southernmost part of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, the Yangtze River Delta in the east and Chengdu-Chongqing in the west. In the middle of these four poles, a diamond-shaped six-axis is constructed, and Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao is just within the main axis in the north-south direction. The Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Expressway is the most important north-south passage in China.

　　After more than 20 years of operation, the Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Expressway has been extended all the way, supporting the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, the implementation of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area’s national strategy, and also driving and witnessing the rapid development of the areas along the route. Wuhan is the epitome of it. The thoroughfare of nine provinces and the Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Expressway have made it one of the most developed cities in Central China in 20 years. Wuhan Dongxihu District, which is close to Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Expressway, has become the most extensive logistics transit and distribution center in Central China.

　　The Hubei section of Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Expressway has a total length of more than 290 kilometers. When construction started in 1998, it was the first expressway with a design speed of 120 kilometers per hour in Hubei Province. The rapid economic growth has brought about a rapid increase in passenger and freight traffic, and the Hubei section of the Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Expressway has long been unable to meet the demand. In China’s 177,000-kilometer expressway network, some expressways built earlier are facing similar problems more or less.

　　Bin Fan: Especially in the central and eastern regions, some economically developed areas, the capacity of highways can no longer fully meet the travel needs of local people and the corresponding needs of passenger and freight transport. After the aorta is opened, the microcirculation is unblocked, and the aorta is opened, the vitality of the whole economy will be instantly driven.

　　After the reconstruction and expansion projects of Hebei and Henan sections of Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Expressway were completed successively, the reconstruction and expansion project of the northern section of Hubei Province was officially launched. Hubei’s plan is to upgrade and expand the original two-way four-lane old road into a two-way eight-lane new road by widening subgrade and bridge.　

　　It doesn’t sound complicated. For Hubei, there are problems they must face. One of the challenges is that the whole reconstruction and expansion project must be carried out under the condition of ensuring the normal and safe passage of the whole road. Because the Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Expressway is the north-south aorta, it cannot be cut off. This is the first time for Hubei.

　　Shen Diandong, commander of the reconstruction and expansion headquarters of Jiaotou Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Expressway in Hubei Province: Our first multi-party meeting involved 42 units, and it was difficult to coordinate. The 42 units coordinated and acted in unison. This difficulty can be imagined.

　　The Hubei section of Beijing-Hong Kong Expressway is connected with many highways and railways, and dozens of related units need coordination. This is a test of the coordination of local departments. Two months ago, the reinforcement and upgrading of the Hanjiang Bridge on the Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Expressway needed to be completed under the condition that half of the bridge deck was kept open. With the cooperation of traffic police, road administration, operating units and construction parties, the task of traffic guidance and reform was successfully and safely completed.

　　Sean, Captain of the 3rd Brigade of Beijing-Zhuhai Detachment of Hubei Traffic Expressway: This reconstruction and expansion is the first time in Hubei Province to try to construct while opening to traffic, including management experience and pressure from the construction unit, which we have never seen before. When we first started construction, we said that we would go all out to support and unconditionally choose to complete the task with good quality and quantity.

　　On the Hanjiang Bridge, half of the vehicles on the bridge deck pass normally in both directions, and the other half are under construction, which is rare in previous expressway construction. On the one hand, construction, on the other hand, freight and passenger vehicles whizzed past, which became a unique landscape in the reconstruction and expansion project of the northern section of Hubei Province of Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Expressway.

　　Hubei, where great rivers flow, is a province of thousands of lakes. The Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Expressway passes through rivers, lakes and many wetlands here. These areas have soft soil and high water content. The existing highway subgrade has been stable since it was opened to traffic for more than 20 years. However, the settlement of the widened new subgrade needs to be controlled to avoid potential safety hazards, which is another difficult problem in the reconstruction and expansion of Hubei section of Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Expressway. They need to find local solutions. In the reconstruction and expansion section of East and West Lake of Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Expressway, precast piles with an average length of 40 meters are being hammered into soft soil one by one.

　　Liu Baiping, Director of Wuhan Branch of the Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Expressway Reconstruction and Expansion Headquarters in Jiaotou, Hubei Province: The technology of pre-cast piles is widely used in the building system, because the scope of building is relatively limited, but the highway is linear and occupies a wide range. The reason why we consider piling in this place is that the soft soil below is very thick, ranging from 10 to 20 meters thick to 40 to 50 meters thick.

　　Under the 9-kilometer-long pavement, precast piles will be densely covered, and the new road will be built on the subgrade reinforced by precast piles. This is also the first attempt in Hubei.

　　Liu Baiping: There is also a hat on the pile, which is equivalent to a stool. There are legs below, and a hat is worn on one leg. Most of the area is mainly stressed on the pile, forming a composite subgrade.

　　In addition to the treatment of soft soil subgrade, there are many attempts to adapt to local conditions in the process of reconstruction and expansion. In the choice of bridge width, Hanjiang Bridge is a newly built twin-tower cable-stayed bridge in parallel with it, while Fulunhe Bridge is a newly built pile-column assembled bridge like building blocks in parallel with the old bridge.

　　It is precisely because one needs to meet the navigation requirements of the Han River, and the other can save more time and construction cost, including the new use of construction waste, such as the waste asphalt mixture generated when milling and planing the road surface, which will be collected and reused. These practices are accumulating experience for more highway reconstruction and expansion in the future.

　　Bin Fan: As far as we know, the total mileage of the expressway reconstruction and expansion project under implementation has exceeded 5,000 kilometers. The reconstruction and expansion will be carried out immediately, including the Leiyang-Yizhang section of Hunan Province, including the northern section of Beijing-Zhuhai, which is the northern section of Guangdong Province, including the Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Expressway. The national expressway aorta has been gradually opened, especially in promoting regional coordination and high-quality development, which has played a more obvious role.

　　In Hubei, the builders of the reconstruction and expansion of the Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Expressway are still making a brand-new attempt. In the precast beam yard of Fulun River Bridge, the birth of each beam, from steel processing, concrete mixing, pouring and demoulding to steam curing of this beam before leaving the factory, has achieved digital control of the whole process. Before the appearance, each beam will be affixed with a QR code that belongs only to it. Like an ID card, it records all the information about this beam. And these information will also enter the building information model of Hubei section of Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Expressway in the background. In reality, at the same time of reconstruction and expansion, a digital expressway is also being built simultaneously. This represents one of the most advanced management methods of expressway construction today.

　　After driving the rapid development of the areas along the route for more than 20 years, it is a new vision of the old expressway of Beijing, Hong Kong and Macao to help China’s economy develop with high quality in the new era. Before the May Day holiday, Shen Diandong, commander of the reconstruction and expansion of the Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Expressway in Jiaotou, Hubei Province, specially invited the commander and engineers who built the old Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway more than 20 years ago to the scene of the reconstruction and expansion. A Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Expressway, known as the "First Road" at that time, was a monument in the hearts of a whole generation. Now, it will glow with new vitality under the feet of a new generation of road builders. In the evening, the logistics park started the busiest time of the day again. These goods, which are related to our food, clothing, housing and transportation, will run in our direction on the expressway and in Beijing, Hong Kong and Macao in the trucks of drivers.

　　By the end of 2022, the total expressway scale in China has reached 177,000 kilometers, ranking first in the world. At the same time, the number of motor vehicles in China has also exceeded 400 million. In order to further open the highway aorta, it is estimated that 25 thousand kilometers of newly rebuilt expressway will be completed during the 14 th Five-Year Plan period. This will play an important role in supporting the national major strategy, improving the national comprehensive three-dimensional transportation network and promoting the high-quality development of transportation infrastructure. Smooth the aorta and help the great circulation. With the gradual progress of the project, everyone’s travel will be more convenient and smooth in the future.