How serious would it be if an asteroid didn’t hit the earth?

  Beijing, July 18 (Reporter Shangguan Yun) What if one day an asteroid hits the earth? This may be a scene imagined by many science fiction lovers. Earlier, it was reported that an asteroid might hit the earth on September 9 this year, but this possibility was finally ruled out.

  On the 17th, "Asteroids will not hit the Earth in September" boarded a hot search in Weibo, which once again triggered a heated discussion: What is the "asteroid" we often talk about? What will happen if it collides with the earth?

  The probability of "one in seven thousand" colliding with the earth

  The hot search for "asteroids will not hit the earth in September" is related to an announcement issued by the European Space Agency on the 16th. According to media reports, the announcement pointed out that a mysterious asteroid discovered more than ten years ago was originally thought to have a small probability of hitting the earth on September 9 this year, but the latest observation data ruled out this possibility.

  It is understood that this asteroid was discovered by astronomers in 2006, so it was code-named 2006 QV89. According to the observation data at that time, it had a probability of colliding with the earth on September 9 this year.

  However, this asteroid was only observed in a short period of 10 days, and then mysteriously "disappeared". Astronomers never observed it again, which made it difficult to accurately calculate its current position.

  Therefore, in order to judge whether the original observation results of QV89 "collision with the Earth" in 2006 are accurate, researchers have pondered a method: first, assume that the asteroid is still in the orbit that may collide with the Earth, and then observe its possible position in the sky on July 4 and 5, but found nothing.

  Based on all kinds of data, this asteroid was finally considered to be no threat to the earth.

  What the hell is an asteroid?

  As the name implies, asteroids are celestial bodies in the solar system that move around the sun like planets, but their volume and mass are much smaller than those of planets.

  "In 2006, scientists defined planets, asteroids and dwarf planets. For example, the earth is a planet, which basically lives alone, revolves around the sun, and has a relatively round shape. A typical dwarf planet is Ceres, and they are ‘ Live in groups ’ Yes, there are a bunch of celestial friends in the orbit. " Sun Zhengfan, a doctor of astrophysics and a popular science writer, said.

  As for asteroids, compared with the first two, they are simply a group of strange little guys. Sun Zhengfan explained that asteroids also revolve around the sun, but they are not round in shape, and they are grotesque in shape, big and small.

  According to public information, as of 2018, about 1.27 million asteroids have been discovered in the solar system, but due to the limitations of observation methods and other factors, this may be only a small part of all asteroids.

  "If you search for near-earth asteroids or near-earth asteroids on the Internet, the number of them mentioned in relevant popular science articles will definitely surprise people." Sun Zhengfan said.

  Asteroids and the mystery of dinosaur extinction

  The powerful destructive power of asteroids hitting the earth can be known from scientists’ discussion on the mystery of dinosaur extinction. There is a well-known saying that an asteroid hit the earth about 66 million years ago was the direct cause of dinosaur extinction.

  Specifically, this view holds that when an asteroid hit the earth, it triggered a huge tsunami, and the ocean on the surface of the earth suddenly rolled, but this was not the only disaster faced by dinosaurs.

  The impact raised a lot of hot rocks and dust, which triggered a forest fire. Countless flying dust covered the sky, and the earth’s surface was not exposed to sunlight for many years. The global climate became cold and creatures became extinct on a large scale. Dinosaurs couldn’t adapt to the drastic climate change, and in addition, they were short of food and eventually went extinct.

  "There are a pair of astronomers and their sons in the United States. In the strata around 66 million years ago, a metal element was found to have a very high content, but normally it has very little content in the rocks of the earth." Sun Zhengfan said, therefore, astronomers and their sons speculated that this metal element in the stratum exceeded the standard because an asteroid with a diameter of about 10 kilometers hit the earth at that time.

  Of course, there are many different opinions about the reasons for the extinction of dinosaurs, such as volcanic eruption and so on. Sun Zhengfan introduced that some paleontologists believe that the extinction of dinosaurs is not a sudden event, but a process. Because of the long time, it is difficult to find a complete chain of evidence for many claims about the extinction of dinosaurs. The most popular one is "an asteroid hit the earth".

  The disaster caused by "close contact"

  In fact, people are worried about the "close contact" between asteroids and the earth because of the disaster and destructive power they may bring after hitting the earth.

  For example, according to media reports, on February 15, 2013, an asteroid with a diameter of about 20 meters exploded over Chelyabinsk, Russia, which indirectly damaged more than 3,000 buildings and injured more than 1,600 people.

  Astronomically, an object whose orbit is within 1.3 astronomical units from the sun (1 astronomical unit is the average distance between the sun and the earth, which is about 150 million kilometers) and whose orbit distance from the earth is less than 0.3 astronomical units is a near-earth object, which is a collection of near-earth asteroids and near-earth comets.

  Among them, the potential impact with a diameter of more than 140 meters and the minimum distance from the earth orbit within 0.05 astronomical unit threatens celestial bodies and poses a direct threat to the earth.

  "An asteroid with a larger diameter can easily cause serious disasters when it hits the earth." Sun Zhengfan explained that "asteroid impact on the earth" is a high-risk event, such as the impact that is thought to have led to the extinction of dinosaurs. There is still a huge crater in Mexico’s Yucatan Peninsula, half on land and half in the sea.

  Asteroids are terrible? There is no need to be overly anxious.

  Based on the possible serious consequences of an asteroid’s visit, the news that an asteroid may hit the earth often causes many people’s worries. But Sun Zhengfan said that there is no need to be too anxious about this.

  "First of all, it can cause extremely serious consequences ‘ Asteroids hit the earth ’ It’s a small probability event, and secondly, our earth has the atmosphere ‘ Protector ’ 。” Sun Zhengfan said.

  Data Map: The picture shows beijing aerospace control center’s real-time monitoring and control mission of "Chang ‘e II" flying over an asteroid on December 13th. Sun zifa

  He explained that the earth is moving in space, and there are always a huge number of things falling on it, mostly in the form of dust, or just like pebbles, some asteroids burn out in the atmosphere. "There are no people in most parts of the earth, such as the sea and the desert. Therefore, it does not have much impact on human beings. "

  Sun Zhengfan also admitted that with the current scientific and technological means, it is still difficult to accurately calculate the running paths of asteroids that may cause harm to the earth, and "we can only estimate their size and quality by reflecting light, and this data itself has errors".

  "Preventing doomsday asteroids is a very important job." Sun Zhengfan said, "Humans can unite to develop aerospace technology and prevent this major disaster through early warning."

Tuition fees for Russian music students

Russia, a country full of artistic flavor, has attracted countless music students with its profound music tradition and world-class conservatory. Let’s learn about the tuition fees of Russian music students with China Education Online Xiaobian.

Tuition fees for Russian music students

Preparatory course: about $3,000-4,000 for ordinary colleges and about $4,000-6,000 for art colleges.

Undergraduate course: about 3000-6000 USD/year.

Graduate students: about 3000-6000 dollars/year.

The above tuition fees are for reference only. Please check the official information of the school for specific fees.

1. Moscow State Tchaikovsky Conservatory of Music

Moscow State Tchaikovsky Conservatory of Music is one of the most famous conservatories in the world, which has a long history and excellent tradition of music education. This school is famous for training world-class musicians, and many graduates have won gold medals in international competitions. The school has a strong faculty and an excellent team of teachers to provide students with comprehensive music education.

2. St. Petersburg National Conservatory of Music

St Petersburg State Conservatory of Music is the oldest conservatory in Russia and one of the most famous conservatories in Europe. The school is located on the historic Nevsky Avenue, adjacent to the world-famous Mariinsky Theatre and the Russian Museum. The school’s curriculum is very comprehensive, covering all kinds of music fields, including composition, conductor, vocal music, instrumental music and so on.

3. Nizhny Novgorod National glinka Conservatory of Music.

Nizhny Novgorod National glinka Conservatory of Music is one of the most famous conservatories in Russia and one of the oldest conservatories in Europe. Located on the beautiful Volga River, the school is a music institution with a long history. The school has a strong faculty and an excellent team of teachers to provide students with comprehensive music education. The school’s curriculum is very comprehensive, covering all kinds of music fields, including composition, conductor, vocal music, instrumental music and so on.

The above is about the sharing of tuition fees for Russian music students. I hope it will be helpful to the students. Xiaobian will bring you more related content on China Education Online, so please continue to pay attention.

> > get the white paper on studying abroad for free, and learn about the conditions, fees, starting time and gold content of each university.

Homework, off-campus training and games should make way for students’ sleep.

  Recently, the General Office of the Ministry of Education issued the Notice on Further Strengthening the Sleep Management of Primary and Secondary School Students (hereinafter referred to as the Notice), further emphasizing the need to ensure adequate sleep time for students and refining relevant management measures. The "Notice" requires that students’ sleep monitoring and supervision should be strengthened, students’ sleep status should be included in the physical health monitoring and education quality evaluation and monitoring system, included in the scope of daily supervision and the supervision and evaluation of the government’s performance of educational duties, and a supervision and reporting telephone or network platform should be set up to ensure that the requirements are in place and effectively ensure students’ good sleep.

  We should fully improve our understanding of the importance of sleep health.

  The Notice puts forward three "important times". The first is the necessary sleep time. Primary school students should sleep for 10 hours a day, junior high school students should sleep for 9 hours and senior high school students should sleep for 8 hours. The second is the school schedule. Class starts at 8: 20 in the morning in primary schools and 8: 00 in middle schools. At the same time, it is emphasized that schools should not require students to arrive at school in advance, and necessary lunch breaks should be guaranteed if conditions permit. The third is bedtime at night. Pupils are generally not later than 21: 20, junior high school students are generally not later than 22: 00, and senior high school students are generally not later than 23: 00. At the same time, guide parents and students, make schedules for students’ work and rest, promote autonomous management, work and rest regularly, and go to bed on time. Only by controlling the school schedule and students’ bedtime at night can students’ necessary sleep time be effectively guaranteed.

  Lv Yugang, director of the Department of Basic Education of the Ministry of Education, pointed out that schools can manage the morning classes. The more important time is bedtime at night. Some bad living habits, such as watching mobile phones, playing computers and indulging in the Internet, affect students’ bedtime. Whether you can sleep at night depends on the students’ self-management ability and the guidance, cooperation and consultation between parents and students. In this process, we should strengthen the education of students, strengthen the guidance of parents, and strive to ensure that the bedtime at night can be achieved.

  Zhu Dongbin, deputy director of the Department of Basic Education of the Ministry of Education, said that places and schools with conditions should guarantee students the necessary lunch break. We also encourage all localities and schools to explore all kinds of good experiences and practices that help students sleep according to the actual situation and school facilities. Sleep is a big event, and we should be able to reach a consensus that we should not lose big because of small things, let alone give up the basics.

  Jiang Fan, secretary of the Party Committee of Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, director of the Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Children’s Sleep Disorders, and head of the Children’s Sleep Study Group of the Sleep Medicine Committee of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association, said: The majority of primary and secondary schools, teachers, parents and students should fully raise their awareness of the importance of sleep health, and enhance their understanding of the requirements of sleep time required by different age groups and healthy sleep habits. According to the Notice, the length of sleep students should get every day is consistent with the internationally recognized recommended length of sleep. This requirement is implemented on individuals, and parents also need to master individual differences. Primary school students need 9-12 hours of sleep every day, and middle school students need 8-10 hours. Teachers and parents can strengthen communication with their children, work out schedules suitable for individual students together, and at the same time, they can know whether they sleep well or not from the aspects of children’s mental state and self-feeling, and make adjustments to the schedules according to the actual situation.

  Sacrificing sleep time for study can’t be exchanged for improving academic performance.

  In view of the external factors affecting students’ sleep, the Notice puts forward three "interruption mechanisms", requiring homework, off-campus training and games to make way for students’ sleep.

  The first is the "interruption" of homework, which requires primary school students to basically complete their written homework in school, and middle school students to complete most of their written homework in school. If individual students have not finished their homework by bedtime after efforts, parents should urge them to go to bed on time and not stay up late to ensure adequate sleep. Of course, teachers should conduct targeted analysis, strengthen counseling, and adjust the content and amount of homework if necessary. The second is the "interruption" of off-campus training time, which requires that the off-campus offline training end time should not be later than 20: 30, and the online live training end time should not be later than 21: 00. Homework should not be arranged in any form such as pre-class preparation, after-class consolidation, homework practice, and WeChat group punching. The third is the "interruption" of the game, which requires local education departments to strengthen supervision with relevant departments in accordance with their management authority to ensure that no game services are provided to minors from 22: 00 to 8: 00 the next day.

  Lv Yugang said that schools should have a sound homework management mechanism, and all subject groups should co-ordinate homework, so as to grasp a reasonable amount of homework and improve the quality of homework. Students should not be allowed to finish their homework during recess when they should go out for activities and jump around the playground, or during the lunch break. Schools and teachers should strengthen the guidance for students to complete their homework, especially to help students with learning difficulties, and increase the intensity of counseling and answering questions so that students can complete their homework within the specified time.

  Lu Haifeng, director of the Education and Sports Bureau of Qidong City, Jiangsu Province, reminded schools to avoid the thinking mode of split thinking and binary opposition, and make efforts to properly handle several groups of relationships. The first is the relationship between "sleeping less" and "sleeping late" and "getting up early". According to the requirements of the Notice, schools should reasonably determine the schedule of work and rest, enhance the soft power in the publicity of work and rest, and enhance the hard power in the implementation of work and rest, and do not artificially require students to arrive at school in advance, and do not artificially occupy students’ school time. At the same time, they should be flexible and flexible in strictly implementing work and rest, for example, properly resettle individual students who arrive at school in advance due to special family circumstances; The second is the relationship between "less sleep" and "more homework" and "difficult homework". Schools should make great efforts in classroom research and win the light burden of schoolwork with the high efficiency of classroom; Pay attention to homework management and win the light load of homework with the high quality of design; The third is the relationship between "sleeping well" and "sleeping well" and "growing well". Schools should face students face to face, educate students to understand the importance of adequate sleep and develop good sleep habits. Heart-to-heart with parents to guide parents to be the guarantors of their children’s adequate sleep; Join hands with the society and participate in the governance of off-campus training institutions as much as possible to reduce the academic burden of students.

  At the same time, Jiang Fan said that parents should take appropriate restrictions on children’s use of electronic products, and at the same time, they should set an example and consciously maintain a good work and rest, so that children can clearly understand the importance of sleep and develop a good habit of maintaining regular work and rest independently. Their team research shows that sacrificing sleep time for study can not bring about improvement in academic performance, but will cause extensive damage to executive function and affect the academic performance of children and adolescents. (Guangming Daily reporter Yan Xiaoyan)

Four consecutive championships! China women’s table tennis defeated the Japanese team 3-1 to dominate the 2018 World Table Tennis Championships.

  Xinhua News Agency, Helmstad, Sweden, May 5 (Reporter Zhang Zhang) The China women’s table tennis team defeated the Japanese team 3-1 in the final of the 2018 World Table Tennis Team Championship on May 5, achieving four consecutive championships. This is also the 21st time for China women’s table tennis to win the Columbian Cup.

  Against the second-seeded Japanese team, China sent a combination of Ding Ning, Liu Shiwen and Zhu Yuling, while the Japanese team was still Ishikawa Kasumi with young Ito Miki and Hirano Miwoo, but the order of appearances was adjusted.

  Liu Shiwen, the first to appear on the stage, had been playing steadily before, but obviously there was still a lot of pressure to play the No.1 position in the final, and finally she lost to 17-year-old Ito Meicheng in five games.

  After two draws at the beginning of the first game, Liu Shiwen pulled the score to 6: 3, but Ito quickly tied the score and overtook it by 9: 7. After Liu Shiwen tied the score to 9, Ito scored two points and won the first game; In the second game, the two sides still showed a stalemate. After Liu Shiwen established an advantage of 8: 5, Ito quickly drew the score to 7: 8. Seeing that the lead was narrowed, Liu Shiwen promptly requested a time-out. After the time-out, Liu Shiwen, who was in a stable mood, pulled back a game with 11: 8.

  On May 5th, China team member and coach Li Sun (third from left) won the championship trophy at the awarding ceremony — — The Columbian Cup. Xinhua News Agency reporter Ye Pingfan photo

  In the third game, Liu Shiwen, who strengthened backhand defense, started with 4: 0, then further expanded his advantage and won with 11: 5; In the fourth game, after Liu Shiwen started 3-1, Ito requested a timeout. Since then, the two sides have repeatedly drawn. After 8 draws, Ito scored two points in a row to get the point, and Liu Shiwen’s serve was successfully fought by the opponent. The score became 2: 2.

  In the deciding game, Liu Shiwen started with 5: 1, but Ito soon made it 6: 7. Since then, Liu Shiwen opened the score gap to 2 points and got the match point at 10: 8, but Ito, who didn’t stop, withstood the pressure and scored 4 points in a row, winning the game at 12: 10.

  In the second game, Ding Ning defeated Hirano Miwoo, who ranked sixth in the world, in straight sets. proved that losing the day before was an accident.

  Ding Ning started with 2: 0, and did not let his opponent tie the score again, winning the first game at 11: 6; In the second game, after Ding Ning established a 6-3 advantage, Ping Ye requested a timeout. Although Ping Ye tied the score to 9 and saved a game, he finally lost another game at 10: 12. In the third game, Ding Ning once fell behind at 5: 9, but she doggedly tied the score to 9, and took the lead in getting the match point, and finally won the game at 13: 11, helping the China team tie the big score to 1: 1.

  On May 5th, China team member and coach Li Sun (third from left) celebrated at the award ceremony. Xinhua News Agency reporter Ye Pingfan photo

  The competition between Zhu Yuling, ranked second in the world, and Ishikawa Kasumi, ranked third in the world, should have been a close match, but the scene was one-sided.

  Zhu Yuling, 23, easily won the first game at 11: 4; In the second game, Zhu Yuling once led at 7: 0. Although she lost three points in a row, she still relied on the advantage she had established before to play the next game at 11: 7. In the third game, Zhu Yuling started 4-2, but Ishikawa asked for a timeout, which still failed to stop Zhu Yuling from moving forward. Although she lost two points after winning the match point at 10: 6, she finally won the match at 11: 8, helping China to overtake at 2: 1.

  In the fourth game, Liu Shiwen, who played against Hirano Miwoo again, found his form, winning 11-6 in the first two games. In the third game, Ping Ye, who had been in the lead, got two innings at 10: 8, but Liu Shiwen steadied his mind and finally scored four points in a row, winning the game and helping China defend its title successfully.

  Ding Ning, captain of China team, said after the game that the team competition was the result of the joint efforts of everyone in the team. He was very happy to win the championship and thanked all those who paid for it.

Pork and fruit "rising again" expert: there is no inflation risk.

  Since the beginning of this year, China has continued to promote supply-side structural reforms, increased tax reduction and fee reduction, rationalized the price formation mechanism in important areas, maintained a balance between market supply and demand, lowered inflation expectations, and moderately fluctuated consumer prices. At present, the overall price level has maintained a stable operation trend, which indicates that the economic operation is stable and good, creating a good environment for promoting high-quality economic development.

  Recently, there has been a strong expectation that the prices of pork, fruit and other foods will rise. According to the data released by the National Bureau of Statistics not long ago, the national consumer price index (CPI) rose by 2.0% in the first four months of this year. Among them, in April, the CPI rose by 2.5% year-on-year, and it was in the "2 era" for two consecutive months.

  In an interview with Economic Daily China Economic Net, relevant experts said that, on the whole, since the beginning of this year, China has continued to promote supply-side structural reforms, increased tax reduction and fee reduction, rationalized the price formation mechanism in important areas, maintained a balance between market supply and demand, lowered inflation expectations, and moderately fluctuated consumer prices. At present, the overall price level has maintained a stable operation trend, which indicates that the economic operation is stable and good, creating a good environment for promoting high-quality economic development.

  There has been a structural increase in prices.

  In the first four months of this year, CPI rose by 1.7%, 1.5%, 2.3% and 2.5% respectively, and the monthly year-on-year increase showed a steady upward trend in moderate fluctuations. Among them, in the last two months, the year-on-year increase in prices has increased, entering the "2 era."

  Liu Aihua, spokesman of the National Bureau of Statistics, believes that the CPI rose by 2.5% year-on-year in April this year, mainly due to the increase of individual varieties. Among them, pork, fresh vegetables and fresh fruits all increased by more than 10% year-on-year.

  "Overall, despite the increase in CPI in the last two months, it is significantly lower than the control target of 3%, and it is mainly affected by factors such as the base of the previous year, the hikes and seasonality, showing structural upward characteristics and not having a comprehensive upward basis." Zhang Qianrong, deputy director of the Finance and Finance Research Office of the National Information Center, said.

  Zhang Qianrong analyzed that in the first four months of this year, food prices rose by 3.2% year-on-year, which boosted CPI by 0.62 percentage points and contributed 29.7% to the CPI increase. Non-food prices rose by 1.7%, which boosted CPI by 1.48 percentage points and contributed 70.3%. The contribution rate of non-food prices to the price increase is obviously higher than that of food. Although the recent increase in pork prices has led to an increase in food prices, non-food prices have remained stable as a whole, and prices do not have the basis for an overall increase.

  "At present, China’s price increase is at a medium level on a global scale. From an international perspective, China’s price increase is slightly higher than that of developed economies such as the United States and the European Union, and significantly lower than that of BRICS countries such as Russia, which is at a medium level in the world. " Zhang Qianrong said.

  The data shows that in the first quarter of this year, the US CPI rose by 1.7% year-on-year, while the EU harmonized CPI rose by 1.6%, slightly lower than that of China. India’s CPI rose by 7.1%, Russia’s by 5.2%, South Africa’s by 4.2% and Brazil’s by 4.2%, which was significantly higher than China’s CPI.

  It is worth noting that in the first four months of this year, the national producer price index (PPI) rose by 0.1%, 0.1%, 0.4% and 0.9% respectively, with a slight year-on-year increase.

  Zhang Qianrong said that the increase in PPI was mainly affected by factors such as the rise in international oil prices and the negative increase in the same period last year. Since the beginning of this year, the increase of PPI is lower than that of CPI, and the upstream and downstream price trends are upside down.

  Pork supply is relatively abundant.

  In April, the price of pork rose by 14.4%, an increase of 9.3 percentage points over the previous month, which affected the year-on-year increase of CPI by about 0.31 percentage points.

  Relevant data show that in the first ten days of March this year, the price of white pigs rose continuously and rapidly. On March 1st, the average wholesale price of striped pigs in Beijing Xinfadi Market was 7.28 yuan/kg, but on March 10th, the price rose to 9.45 yuan/kg, and the price rose by 29.90% in 10 days, which was quite obvious. Since then, the price has fluctuated slightly.

  "Overall, pork prices have changed little in the past 60 days. In other words, after the price of meat reached a higher level in mid-March, it showed a weak trend. " Liu Tong, director of statistics department of Beijing Xinfadi agricultural products wholesale market, said.

  Liu Tong analyzed that in the first ten days of March, the price of pork rose significantly, which was the expected increase in advance. From the market situation, in the first week of March, the average daily market volume of white pigs increased by 10% from the previous week and 15% from the same period of last year, and there was no shortage of supply. In this case, the increase in meat prices mainly comes from the thrust outside the market, especially the data released by some institutions show that the stock of fertile sows has decreased, which provides conditions for the bottom rebound of meat prices.

  "The increase or decrease in the number of fertile sows reflects that there is a certain lag period in the supply capacity and price, and the insiders call this lag period ‘ Cobweb effect ’ . In other words, the supply of pigs in the second half of 2019 may show ‘ Tight equilibrium ’ State, meat prices will rise. Therefore, the rise in early March is an early rise. " Liu Tong analyzed that after the release of relevant data, most forecasts tend to show that the pig price will reach an all-time high. This expectation has played a strong role in fueling the rise in meat prices.

  Liu Tong said that in fact, the number of pig heads with white stripes does not fully represent the supply of ketone bodies in pork. After the price of meat rose, the pig farm was filled with the emotion of waiting for the price to be sold, the time of keeping pigs in the pen was prolonged, and the single weight of pigs generally increased. In April 2019, the single weight of pigs generally increased by 10%. According to this calculation, the supply of pork in April this year exceeded the same period last year. If this phenomenon continues, when the number of pigs drops by 20% and the single weight of pigs increases by 20%, the decline in the number of pigs can be compensated by the increase of single weight, and the supply of pork is still relatively sufficient.

  There is no inflation risk.

  "Overall, whether it is from food or industrial consumer goods and services, there will be no sharp increase in CPI in the future, and prices will be stable and have a solid foundation." In response to the future trend of prices, Liu Aihua said.

  Liu Aihua analyzed that, from the perspective of food prices, fresh vegetables and fresh fruits are short-term impacted by extreme weather factors, which is not sustainable, and pork prices have a certain resilience. With the gradual recovery of prices, farmers’ enthusiasm for replenishing the column will be correspondingly improved, which will play a stabilizing role in prices. From the perspective of non-food prices, the supply capacity of industrial products is sufficient, and there is no basis for a sharp increase. Although the increase in service prices is relatively high, it is generally stable.

  "Overall, the factors that will support and curb price increases in the future are intertwined." Zhang Qianrong said. From the factors supporting the price increase, on the one hand, affected by African swine fever epidemic and other factors, the number of live pigs has declined, and pork prices have continued to rise. However, considering the strong overall supply capacity of pork in China, an early warning mechanism for pig price control has been established, and it is more likely that the pork price will increase in the later period, but it does not have the basis for a substantial increase; On the other hand, with the decline of demographic dividend, labor cost will become a long-term factor to push up prices.

  On the one hand, since 2012, the increase of CPI in China has been less than 3%. Considering that residents’ inflation expectations are generally related to the previous price level, the current low price increase has reduced residents’ inflation expectations; On the other hand, China’s main industrial products are abundant in supply, with bumper harvests for many years, high grain and oil stocks, rapid development of service industry, strong supply capacity in various fields and strong price stability. In addition, with the continuous advancement of supply-side structural reforms, the operating costs of enterprises have been significantly reduced, providing a good policy environment for stabilizing prices.

  Zhang Qianrong said that after preliminary calculation, the CPI hikes factor is about 0.7% and PPI hikes factor is about 0.1% in 2019. Considering the hikes and the above factors, it is expected that consumer prices in China will continue to rise moderately and steadily in 2019, with CPI rising by about 2.3% and PPI rising by about 1.0%. There is no inflation risk, and the pressure on price control is light.

China’s foreign trade development is strong enough for fresh fruits to grab "fresh" customs clearance and promote summer consumption.

CCTV News:This summer, the momentum of China’s foreign trade development is very strong.

China is the largest fruit consumer in the world. Recently, tropical fruits from Thailand, Laos and other Southeast Asian countries are entering the peak season of production and marketing, and border crossings have also ushered in the peak of entry of tropical fruits from ASEAN countries. At Hekou Port in Yunnan, just after 8: 00 a.m., the Sino-Vietnamese Honghe Highway Bridge was getting on and off, and a freight vehicle loaded with 20 tons of fresh durian from Vietnam was undergoing entry quarantine inspection.

With the full entry into force of Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP), the import scale of estuary ports has gradually expanded. In the first half of the year, the port has imported 112,000 tons of fruits from ASEAN countries, with a value of 890 million yuan, up 6.6 times and 19 times respectively.

Under the high temperature, cool household appliances have become hot pets, which continue to stimulate consumption vitality. Nearly 30% of the cross-border e-commerce export goods in Shandong Province are gathered in the cross-border e-commerce comprehensive test area in Weihai, Shandong Province.

Cong Aijun, Deputy Director of Weihai Customs Post Office:Since the summer, the number of domestic electric fans, air-conditioning fans and other small household appliances exported through cross-border e-commerce retail has increased significantly. Among them, in June, exports reached 83,000 orders, an increase of about 200% from the previous month, with an average weekly export of about 20,000 orders, which is still growing.

At 9 am on the 16th, a Turkish businessman got a brand-new business license in Yiwu International Trade Service Center. At this moment, the total number of business entities in Yiwu market exceeded 1 million, and the investment sources of these business entities radiated from 31 provincial administrative regions, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan regions and 155 countries on six continents. What attracts entrepreneurs from all over the world?

Yiwu Linkou International Trading Co., Ltd. Jia Weide Hassan:I like doing business with China people here, and we can easily buy high-quality products here.

Today’s film review | Ten years of love, "If You Are the One 3" continues the love classic.


Special feature of 1905 film network The romantic films in this year’s Lunar New Year file have brought two completely different painting styles.


If it is a cup of milk tea, it is sweet and delicious, and I have seen a romantic and beautiful love story in youth. Then it’s an old glass of wine, full of fragrance and mellow. See how a pair of men and women who have experienced Qian Fan can taste life and experience true love.



As a former trendsetter and the pioneer of the New Year movie, the director returned to the New Year file with his work "If You Are the One 3" after four years. Whether it is the painting style of dopamine or the story of AI robot, the audience is worried about whether the quality of the film can be as good as ever.


However, some netizens commented: "If You Are the One 3 is completely worth the fare, and it is very rare to laugh and cry!" As a sequel, Xiaogang Feng continued the story structure of the first two films, and returned to the shooting location 15 years ago, and continued to write the current story. It can be seen that the director wants to draw a happy ending to this series.



Dopamine is a lively loneliness.


In If You Are the One 3, 65-year-old Xiaogang Feng brought the audience gorgeous colors like youth. Bright blue, green, red, yellow and purple are interlaced, which is the most popular dopamine color scheme at present. The dreamlike colors make people walk into fairy tales, but behind the splendor, there is a lively loneliness.



The painting style of dopamine in "If You Are the One 3" reminds many viewers of this year’s hot. However, Barbie is a very clear feminist film, so its pink picture style will not cause controversy, but it will also trigger a wave of wear and tear. However, "If You Are the One 3" is positioned as a comedy with a happy family, and there will be many male audiences. The painting style of dopamine will make this audience feel too sweet.



However, the image style of dopamine color matching in this film is actually in line with the narrative content, and the two are mutually compatible. Director Xiaogang Feng said at the film conference that he chose this color scheme by referring to the painting of American painter edward hopper, because what he saw from this painting was not that gorgeous and lively, but actually a sense of loneliness inside the characters.



In the narrative space of the film, Roi is actually a lonely character who is eager to accompany him. Colorful characters are actually not lively, but also a lonely state of people.



Director Xiaogang Feng also said in an interview that with the growth of age, the preference for color became stronger and stronger. The director who has entered the twilight of his life, after the vicissitudes of life, loves simple and pure things most, and the taste of life among them can’t help feeling.


Reflections on love and marriage


There is also a very big controversy in this film, that is, a portrayal of female roles. In "If You Are the One 3", tell a story from a male perspective and shape women into a very obedient robot, that is, a work that objectifies women and men stare?



The setting of "two women fighting for a man" in this film is actually a portrait of a character with two sides. By setting a true and false smile, it represents the difference between the ideal lover and the real lover, and also presents the author’s concept of marriage.



Robot smile is an image that can satisfy the imagination of ideal lover in men’s hearts. It is very gentle, will not get angry, and will accompany and take care of it for a long time. But the real smile is a very personal and rebellious image. However, this real smile may conflict with the needs of men in life.


Therefore, a true lover is not so "practical" in life, but if you really only look at the "practical" side of a woman, she will lack her personality and the motivation for you to really love her.



Through the role of Roi, the leading actor, we can also feel the director’s views on outlook on life, love and marriage: believe in fate, love and marriage, as long as people who love are willing to wait for ten years.


Therefore, after watching the whole film, you will find that the meaning of love that this film wants to emphasize is the more essential and simple kind of heart-to-heart pity and mutual ties after retreating from the shell of romance.



In If You Are the One 3, director Xiaogang Feng told a deep love story, and Roi and Liang Xiaoxiao also gave the audience a happy farewell. As for the meaning of love, I hope the audience can walk into the cinema to experience and feel!


Xiaohongshu Beauty released "2023 Beauty Inspiration Inventory", and "Online Beauty Mutual Assistance" became the four major beauty care trends of the year.

  On December 27th, Xiaohongshu Beauty released "2023 Beauty Inspiration Inventory". Emotional "crazy" explosion, online beauty and mutual assistance, "lazy" copying homework, and beautiful long-term persistence have become the four major beauty trends of Xiaohongshu this year.

  This year, the number of little red book skin care notes increased by nearly 90% year-on-year, and the number of beauty notes increased by nearly 70% year-on-year. The strong user base and high-quality content precipitation have made Xiaohongshu a target of beauty trend. Behind the four major trends, Xiao Hongshu’s consistent friendly and mutual assistance and sincere sharing of community genes, as well as the increasingly subdivided and differentiated "planting grass" strategy, are reflected.

  The knowledge of beauty is vast, but the little red book provides you with a one-click copy of the beauty method. This year, on the little red book, countless users pressed the acceleration button for the road to beauty by "copying homework lazily". After the hot trends such as "early C and late A", the skin care formula of "early B and late A, early P and late R" jointly initiated by @ Harvard Yige -Dr. Jeff and @ Wang Wang Ai Skin Care Department of Chemistry provided a gentler and more accurate new skin care solution for users with acne muscles and sensitive muscles. The annual release of related notes exceeds 1.1 million, and the exposure exceeds 14 billion.

  It is no longer difficult for ten thousand people to transform and help each other and become beautiful. In the past year, "online beauty and mutual help" has become one of the hottest beauty care trends in Little Red Books. Whether it’s Fiona Fang’s face or long face, light face or thick face, as long as you send out a note of persuasion and transformation, users on Little Red Book will always patiently guide online to help everyone discover their new possibilities. In 2023, the number of notes related to # Listening to Advice and Changing Makeup increased by over 370% year on year, and the exposure increased by over 500% year on year. In addition, more and more college students are brave in the beauty circle and actively express that Xiaohongshu has taken the first step to become a blogger. Eight-day makeup and college students’ wearing have become hot topics, and the number of beauty writers of the student party has increased by over 170% year-on-year.

  In Little Red Book, in the past year, hundreds of bloggers actively participated in the offline teaching & makeup modification activity initiated by Little Red Book Beauty, and spontaneously provided suggestions and inspiration for netizens to improve their beauty and help them find more styles that suit them. Their participation just shows the community atmosphere of online beauty and mutual assistance in Little Red Book.

  Return to rational consumption and explore more cost-effective beauty-changing schemes. In 2023, users of Little Red Book will pursue "beautiful long-term". In the field of skin care, people are pursuing more accurate efficacy value, and Light medical cosmetology has gradually become an important part of advanced skin care for skin care professionals. The annual release of related notes exceeds 550,000, and the exposure is as high as 6 billion. When purchasing beauty care products, more and more users began to pay attention to the long-term value of products, and the concept of "expensive replacement" quietly became popular. The annual release of related notes exceeded 15,000, and the exposure exceeded 200 million.

  In the process of beauty and skin care, there is also an "emotional" madness ". This year, in the use of beauty and skin care, in addition to external changes, people also feel extra pleasant experience and emotional value. The "Relaxation Skin Care" initiated by @ Yi Nengjing promoted the ritual skin care craze, and the release of notes increased by 110% year-on-year. The pursuit of individuality and the use of makeup to create "identity" have become the "daily makeup" of users of little red books, with more than 700,000 notes published and 17 billion exposures.

  In Xiaohongshu, beauty is not exclusive to bloggers. Everyone can express "beauty" boldly and confidently, and be seen, replied and interacted by others. Sincerely share and help each other’s community genes, life-oriented and scene-based operation methods, so that users of Little Red Book are willing to share their experiences of beauty improvement and strive to explore ideas of beauty improvement. "Good-looking", "Politely asking the price" and "squatting for follow-up" … The sharing and comments of boasting heroes and grass lovers have gathered into a diversified, rich and human-oriented beauty trend content, and every expression of beauty has echoes here.

  This year, Xiaohongshu also saw a lot of beautiful bloggers who sincerely shared. @ 京京京京京, @ 京京 CHARR and others were awarded the "annual official activity help group" and actively participated in online and offline makeup changes in the official interaction initiated by Beauty Potato in 2023; @ Love durian, @ Anqi and others were awarded the "annual strength blogger help group", with an annual increase of over 200,000 in the field of beauty and skin care; @ cc, who loves spicy food, and Aunt Yao, who studies makeup, were awarded the "New Blogger Help Group of the Year", with an annual increase of over 100,000, and the notes on creating beauty and skin care accounted for 60% or more of the total annual notes.

  Behind the beauty trend is people’s understanding and exploration of beauty. In Little Red Book, people find beauty in daily life, show beauty in life, and are sincere, human and have real experiences. Every sharing and discussion in Little Red Book reflects users’ positive attitude towards life.

  From early C to late A to early P to late R, from cut-off eye makeup to e-person travel makeup, the latest fashion and the hottest beauty trend all grow up in Xiaohongshu. Bloggers explore innovative ways of playing, users actively plant grass to learn, and officials maintain the community ecology … Little Red Book has always reached new heights with thousands of users. In December 2023, Xiaohongshu Beauty also launched the 2023 Red Makeup Award, inviting users to recall the moment of "beauty". By reviewing the annual makeup, perfume and skin care experience in the past year, we can discover and create a steady stream of beauty care inspiration.

[Struggle for a hundred years, set sail for a new journey, China today] Geological wonders Natural beauty beautiful qinghai is beautiful.

CCTV News:What you see in the picture is Chaka Salt Lake, which is the smallest of the four major salt lakes in Qaidam Basin, but its salt storage is the largest. When it is calm, Chaka Salt Lake is like a mirror, reflecting the distant snow-capped mountains and blue sky in the crystal clear lake, showing the natural scenery of "the lake is the same color as the sky, and the salt lake is the same as the snow peak".

In different seasons and at different times of the day, the scenery of Chaka Salt Lake is also ever-changing. In the past two years, Chaka Salt Lake has become a popular tourist punching place, and the number of tourists has continued to increase.

This is the Emerald Lake in Dachaidan Town, Haixi Prefecture. Because the lake water contains a large number of metallic elements such as magnesium, lithium and potassium and halides, the color of the lake water is either light blue or green or dark blue, and the lake water and salt flowers alternate, just like a piece of glittering and translucent jade, so it is called Jade Lake. Seen from the air, salt ponds of different sizes, shapes and shades are like gems scattered on the earth.

Because of its unique landscape, Emerald Lake is also a online celebrity punch-in point on the Chaidamu tourism ring road, which is called "the most beautiful emerald in the world" by tourists.

What we are seeing now is Yadan landform distributed in the northwest of Qaidam Basin. Yadan is a typical wind erosion landform, which means steep hills. Looking down from the sky, Yadan looks like ancient castles, and its formation has gone through about 700,000 to 300,000 years.

Yadan on the water brings out the best in each other with Yadan on the ground. Because of the crustal movement in Qaidam Basin, the lake water in Qinghai Lake and other places flows into Yadan territory through the underground, which forms the magnificent Yadan landscape on the water that we see before our eyes. Yadan on the water that stretches for 800 kilometers is spread all over the blue water, just like jasper on Gebi Beach and a quiet mirage.

What you see now is another famous salt lake in Qaidam Basin — — Chaerhan Salt Lake. It is not only the largest potash production base in China, but also one of the rare large inland salt lakes in the world, with more than 50 billion tons of sodium chloride stored in the lake.

The terrain around Chaerhan Salt Lake is flat, the whole lake seems to be a smooth mirror, and the clusters of salt flowers exposed on the water surface are like a series of beautiful collars. Looking from a distance, there is also a "Wanzhang Salt Bridge" floating on the brine in the salt lake. Tourists walk on the salt bridge, and the water and sky are the same, as if they were integrated into a beautiful landscape painting.

Historical evolution of fireworks

□ Li Xuepu
The high-tech fireworks at the opening ceremony of the Beijing Winter Olympics are dazzling, among which the gorgeous welcoming pine fireworks bloom above the Bird’s Nest, and the pine needles are very realistic.
Fireworks, also known as fireworks, are filled with gunpowder and some metal salts in containers such as paper tubes, which are ignited and then sprayed with various colors. In fact, fireworks have become a common form of folk entertainment in the Song Dynasty. In the North Song Dynasty, Meng Yuanlao’s Dream of China in Tokyo mentioned many times, such as "fireworks rising" and "setting off fireworks on the spot", which was sandwiched between "hundred plays" to increase the atmosphere.
Beijing Winter Olympics welcomes visitors with pine fireworks.
China is the first country to invent gunpowder, and it is also the hometown of firecrackers and fireworks. Emperor Yangdi has a poem saying, "There are thousands of lights on the trees, and seven flowers bloom." It refers to fireworks, which stretch out like branches when they are sprayed. Since Meng Haoran, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, vividly called it "fire tree", the word "fire tree" has also become synonymous with fireworks.
Fireworks are generally considered to be a festive product developed on the basis of firecrackers. When the earliest fireworks appeared, there is no unified statement at present. But there is no doubt that the real fireworks should appear after the invention of gunpowder. As far as the origin of fireworks is concerned, there was a program of "swallowing a knife and spitting fire" in the performance of hundreds of operas in the Han Dynasty. In the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Xiao Qi also quoted Huainanzi as saying: "The skill of spitting fire with thunder comes from the home of thousands of people" (this article has been lost in this edition of Huainanzi). "Containing thunder" describes the sound of firecrackers, while "spitting fire" describes the effect of spraying. This shows that there was the illusion of "spitting fire" in the Han Dynasty, and this illusion performance of "spitting fire" was the embryonic form of fireworks.
In the Song Dynasty, the fireworks production technology and color categories have reached a considerable level, such as starting a wheel, walking a line, shooting stars, field mice and so on. According to records, Li Waining in Bianjing, Kyoto (now Kaifeng) in the Northern Song Dynasty, Chen Taibao and Xia Daozi in Lin ‘an in the Southern Song Dynasty were all famous fireworks designers and performers. Fireworks had become a folk entertainment commodity at that time, and there were fireworks workshops on the market for sale.
Wu Zimu in the Southern Song Dynasty said in "Dream of Liang Lu in December": "The market is full of tin and spring … and there are explosions and fireworks." The scale of fireworks in the court is very large. According to the careful "Old Wulin Story Yuan Xi", more than 100 fireworks were set off in the palace on the night of the last Yuan Festival, and the "Record of the Old Man’s Numerous Victory in the West Lake" in the Southern Song Dynasty described the situation of "setting off five-color fireworks" among the people and the court. It is said that in Song Lizong, Rizong and the Empress Dowager watched the fireworks being set off in the court, and suddenly a "field mouse" broke into the seat of the Empress Dowager, and the Queen Dowager was scared to panic with bursts of noise and dazzling sparks.
The victory of fireworks in Bianjing, Kyoto in the Northern Song Dynasty is also very famous. Historical records also talk about the emergence of "medicine puppet" or "medicine puppet" at this time, and its specific situation can no longer be tested. Some people say that it is the kind that shows the image of opera in fireworks. In the Southern Song Dynasty, although it was partial, Zhou Mi recorded the scene of Xiaozong watching fireworks in the twelfth year of Chunxi (1185) in "Old Stories of Wulin", saying: "The palace leak was deep, and more than 100 fireworks were set off, so the music was everywhere, and the candles were everywhere, but the driving was still going on." It can be seen that the situation is prosperous. Among the dignitaries, there are many people who set up a hundred pieces of ingenuity and set off fireworks all night for fun.
The fireworks industry in Ming Dynasty developed very rapidly. At the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty, Tao Zongyi recorded the scientific formula of fireworks in his book Mo E Xiao Lu. Twenty-two kinds of pyrotechnic formulas such as "Golden Lamps and Silver Platforms", "Bai Mudan", "Matsuzaka Plum", "Aquarius Flower" and "Purple Grape" are listed in the sixth volume of the book. There are many kinds of fireworks in Ming Dynasty. According to Shen Bang’s Miscellaneous Notes of Wan Department, "Those who have voices say that they sound guns; Those who rise high say fire, and those who carry guns in the fire say three waves; If you don’t make a noise, you can’t afford to be a mouse on the ground … "In Ji Sheng at the age of Emperor Jing, in addition to the above names, fireworks such as china pink, Golden Pot Fishing for the Moon, Big Pear Flower and Mud Tube Flower are also introduced. Some books, such as A Brief Introduction to the Scenery of the Imperial Capital, Memories of Taoan Dreams, also talk about varieties such as grape trellis, pearl curtain, ever-burning lamp, wasp leaving the nest and beasts spitting fire.
In the Ming Dynasty, there were not only many kinds of fireworks, but also various ways to release them. In order to increase the lively atmosphere, fireworks are often not set off sporadically one by one, but are combined by tying frames, and all kinds of fireworks are tied to wooden frames in groups, and then connected in sequence with gunpowder lines. Once lit, they are kept for a long time. During the period, lights and meteors of various colors appeared, and from time to time, flowers and birds, pavilions and pavilions appeared, which was very spectacular. As stated in Miscellaneous Notes of Wan Department, "A rich family gathers hundreds of ingenuity on the first day of the Yuan Dynasty, and the heat is transferred at the second time, and it is fun all night."
In the early Ming Dynasty, Qu You (word Zongji) had such a poem: "Smallpox blooms in countless months, and five-color auspicious clouds circle the platform." This also refers to the shelf fireworks, the so-called shelf fireworks, that is, on a ladder, stake or bamboo pole one or two feet high, there is a colorful pavilion like the themoon Moon Temple (or on the tower), and all kinds of fireworks and firecrackers are placed in it. Once lit, it crackled, and from time to time, meteors flew and bright bullets burst, and then thousands of flowers broke out, like dragons leaping, like a phoenix startled, and finally lightning thundered and smallpox blossomed. Perhaps this is the scene described in Qu You’s poems.
At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Ma Shiying also made a special fireworks with an organ and presented it to the emperor. It is said that when it was lit, there was a flying dragon hovering between the temple columns, which was temporarily legendary. "A Dream Record" describes the fireworks in the Lantern Festival in the capital of Liang, saying: "On the fireworks stand, there are ingenious stories, and rabbits are placed vertically. There are names such as fire helmets, fire umbrellas, fire horses, braziers, guns hitting Xiangyang, Wulong taking water, archways, etc. The sound of fireworks is deafening. In front of the two learning palaces, there are high-altitude lanterns, fireworks, fires, water rabbits entering the water and piercing the waves, and people are driven by the wind. There are moon races, high-altitude guns, nine dragons taking water, and nine turns to rise. " The so-called walking rabbit hangs a rabbit-shaped firework on a long line, and after burning, it sprays fire at the tail and runs quickly along the line. When the walking line hangs on the water, the rabbit can dive into the water and then jump out of the water to run to the other end of the line, which is also called "water rabbit enters the water and wears waves". The so-called "fire horse" and so on are filled with pyrotechnics in the shape of lacquered animals. "When moving, hundreds of animals burst into fire and trampled vertically and horizontally." Fireworks are also combined with lion dance, dragon lantern and other forms of entertainment, which is more attractive.
"Tao An Meng Yi" recorded "Lu Fan Fireworks" and said: "When fireworks are set off, the scenery in the lamp is collected as the scenery in the fireworks. The world’s lamp watchers look outside the lamp and fireworks, but they don’t flicker in the lamp, light, shadow, smoke or fire. They don’t know whether it is fireworks in the palace or the palace in the fireworks. " Its wonderful degree can be seen from this.
Jin Ping Mei, known as one of the four wonderful books of Ming Dynasty, depicts the plot of setting off fireworks on the Lantern Festival in the 42nd chapter "Setting off fireworks in front of luxurious doors and enjoying the drunken lanterns on the Lantern Festival". Zhang Dai, a writer in the late Ming Dynasty, described the grand occasion of setting off fireworks in Yanzhou, Shandong Province in his Dream of Taoan Volume II, and recorded the scene of watching lanterns and setting off fireworks and the types of fireworks in Beijing Lantern Festival in the Qing Dynasty. The types of fireworks and the setting-off scenes described in these materials can be described as wonderful and ingenious.
The story of setting off fireworks and firecrackers is also involved in Volume 8 of Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio: "Qingcheng is in Zhongyin, and it is sexual. When he was in charge, Yuanxi tied the donkey with sparks and firecrackers, and the head and tail were full. He led him to the door of the prefect, struck him and invited him, confessing,’ A donkey who offered fire was lucky to get a glimpse.’ When the satrap has a beloved son suffering from acne, he is in a bad mood and resigns. Please ask it in solid. The satrap had to make the man unlock the key. Just open the door, fire the engine and push the donkey in. The knocking donkey was shocked and ran wildly; Fei Huo shoots people again, so people dare not approach. The donkey went into the room, broke the ou and destroyed the retort, the fire turned to dust, and the window screens were all burnt. Family uproar. The pox child was stunned and died all night. The satrap hates it and will uncover it. It’s not necessary for you to go to court in all the schools. "
The variety of fireworks in Qing dynasty was more abundant, and the fireworks manufacturing industry developed further. Lvyuan Li, a Qing Dynasty poet, listed dozens of kinds of fireworks in the 104th chapter of The Road Lights, such as "the combination of the sun and the moon", "two immortals preaching", "five-star couplet beads", "respecting morality and washing horses", "Zhang Xian beating dogs", "a monk turning into a donkey" and "Li Sanniang pushing the mill". There is also a record about fireworks in Yanjing’s Chronicle of the Year: "On the Lantern Festival, there is a banquet in the imperial palace, fireworks are set off, and lights are put on in the shops … Fireworks shed makes all kinds of fireworks, which are competitive and curious, including boxes, flower pots, fireworks poles, thread-pierced peony, water-watered lotus, golden plate falling on the moon, grape trellis, two kicks, flying ten rings, five ghosts making a noise, and octagonal. In the Qing Dynasty, fireworks were set off in combination with scaffolding, and there was also a "combined device setting method", that is to say, two or even dozens or hundreds of fireworks were set off "coincidentally into a drama".
Zhao Yi described watching this kind of fireworks in the fifteenth year of Qianlong (1705) in Zhan Exposed Miscellanies, saying: "The medicine thread was ignited, and the results were painted in five colors. Dozens of fireworks, each of which will be finished, will burn out pagodas and pavilions, and dozens of caged pigeons and magpies will fly out by fire. The fireworks are so loud that the sound is like thunder, and the candle is half empty, but seeing millions of red fish jumping in the sea of clouds is a wonder of the world. " In the Qing Dynasty, there was also a monograph describing the production technology of fireworks-A Brief Introduction to Fireworks, which introduced in detail the discharge principle, raw material preparation, production techniques, operating procedures and other matters. Zhao Xuemin, the author, has carefully inspected the fireworks workshop. This book can be said to be a summary of the experience of fireworks production at that time, and it still has high reference value today.
Reporting/feedback